Transitional justice for whom? Contention over human rights and justice in Tunisia
Transitional justice for whom? Contention over human rights and justice in Tunisia
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过渡时期正义为谁？
DOI：
10.1080/14742837.2021.1967129
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Han S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han S
尽管承诺解决社会经济不公正和失业问题，但这些问题仍在突尼斯“民主化”的政治和公众辩论中，没有激进和系统的方法来解决这些问题。现有文献指出，突尼斯的“向民主过渡”很大程度上是由旧的新自由主义方法塑造的，导致许多年轻人再次走上街头。本文通过探讨2011年后过渡司法政权通过权利和正义进行治理与Mafrouzeen Amniya运动（由一群失业抗议者组成，他们声称自己的工作权因抗议专制政权而被国家侵犯）之间的关系，对新自由主义时代的抵抗研究做出了贡献，并在更广泛的范围内做出了贡献。利用对新自由主义、人权和社会运动的批判方法，我认为突尼斯的过渡正义通过边缘化对结构变革和社会正义的革命要求以及促进个性化的人权形式，在一定程度上服务于新自由主义统治。至关重要的是，过渡正义的新自由主义功能不是一个自上而下的过程，而是通过一种社会运动形式构成的，其主导的自由主义人权话语是由国家以及包括Mafrouzeen Amniya团体在内的基层运动（重新）产生的。在论证这一点时，本文并没有将失业抗议者描述为被国家拉拢和从属于国家，而是提供了一种细致入微的理解，即他们如何复制并同时挑战新自由主义过渡正义运动。
Despite the promise to address socioeconomic injustices and unemployment, these issues remain in political and public debates in ‘democratizing’ Tunisia without having no radical and systematic approach to resolving them in place. The existing literature notes that Tunisia’s ‘transition to democracy’ has been largely shaped by the old neoliberal approach, leading many youths to take to the street again. This article contributes to the literature and more broadly to the study of resistance in neoliberal times by exploring the relationship between the post-2011 transitional justice regime’s governing through rights and justice and the Mafrouzeen Amniya Movement, which consists of a group of unemployed protesters who claim that their right to work was violated by the state as a result of their protests against the authoritarian regime. Drawing on critical approaches to neoliberalism, human rights and social movements, I argue that transitional justice in Tunisia partly served neoliberal governing by marginalizing revolutionary demands for structural changes and social justice and promoting individualized forms of human rights. Crucially, the neoliberal function of transitional justice was not a top-down process but was constituted through a form of social movement whose dominant liberal human rights discourse was (re)produced by the state as well as by grass-roots movements including the Mafrouzeen Amniya group. In arguing this, rather than present unemployed protesters as being co-opted and subordinated to the state, this article offers a nuanced understanding of how they can reproduce and at the same time challenge the neoliberal transitional justice movement.
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人权、自由本体论和自由
DOI：
10.1177/0305829810364876
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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