Neural activity promotes long-distance, target-specific regeneration of adult retinal axons.

Neural activity promotes long-distance, target-specific regeneration of adult retinal axons.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.4340
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发表时间:
2016-08
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Huberman AD
Huberman AD
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lim JH;Stafford BK;Nguyen PL;Lien BV;Wang C;Zukor K;He Z;Huberman AD

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哺乳动物中枢神经系统(CNS)中的轴突在损伤后不能再生。在这里,我们表明,如果视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)的活动增加视觉刺激或使用化学遗传学,他们的轴突再生。我们还表明,如果神经活动的增强与涉及哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)的细胞生长促进途径的升高相结合,RGC轴突再生所需的长距离重新支配大脑。对基因标记的RGC的分析表明,这种再生长可以是靶特异性的:RGC轴突导航回到正确的视觉靶点,并避免不正确的靶点。此外,这些重新生成的连接成功地部分挽救了视觉行为的一个子集。我们的研究结果表明,将神经活动与mTOR的激活相结合可以作为增强轴突再生的有力工具,并且它们突出了CNS神经元在成人大脑中重建准确回路连接的显着能力。
Axons in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) fail to regenerate after injury. Here we show that if retinal ganglion cell (RGC) activity is increased by visual stimulation or using chemogenetics, their axons regenerate. We also show that if enhancement of neural activity is combined with elevation of the cell growth-promoting pathway involving mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), RGC axons regenerate the long distances necessary to re-innervate the brain. Analysis of genetically-labeled RGCs revealed this regrowth can be target specific: RGC axons navigated back to their correct visual targets and avoided targets incorrect for their function. Moreover, these regenerated connections were successful in partially rescuing a subset of visual behaviors. Our findings indicate that combining neural activity with activation of mTOR can serve as powerful tool for enhancing axon regeneration and they highlight the remarkable capacity of CNS neurons to re-establish accurate circuit connections in the adult brain.
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