Equitable access to ectogenesis for sexual and gender minorities.
Equitable access to ectogenesis for sexual and gender minorities.
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性少数群体和性别少数群体公平获得体外发育。
DOI：
10.1111/bioe.12723
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Quinn,GwendolynP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimberly,LauraL;Sutter,MeganE;Quinn,GwendolynP
随着体外发育技术的不断进步，这种发展的伦理影响应该得到彻底和积极的探索。目前，完全体外发生的可能性仍然是假设的，必须评估和解决有关该技术的安全性和有效性的无数担忧，同时应充分考虑紧迫的道德考虑。然而，可以想象，这项技术在未来可能会变得足够完善，并且最终完全体外发生可能被认为在伦理上是可接受的，作为在某些情况下人类子宫内妊娠的生殖替代方案。如果完全体外发育的安全性和有效性得到证实，如果道德困境得到充分解决，并且如果该技术作为一种生殖选择提供给希望成为父母的顺性别异性恋个人或夫妇，那么就有基于社会正义的道德义务，以确保向同样寻求为人父母的性或性别少数群体成员的个人或夫妇提供完全体外发育。我们研究了这些人群获得当前家庭建设选择的历史，包括辅助生殖技术、代孕和收养，并得出结论，在缺乏强有力的经验证据表明性或性别少数群体成员的个人和夫妇的孩子受到伤害的风险增加的情况下，必须作为生殖正义问题确保公平地获得体外生殖作为性和性别少数群体成为父母的途径。
As the technology for ectogenesis continues to advance, the ethical implications of such developments should be thoroughly and proactively explored. The possibility of full ectogenesis remains hypothetical at present, and myriad concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of the technology must be evaluated and addressed, while pressing moral considerations should be fully deliberated. However, it is conceivable that the technology may become sufficiently well established in the future and that eventually full ectogenesis might be deemed ethically acceptable as a reproductive alternative to gestation within a human womb under certain circumstances. If the safety and efficacy of full ectogenesis are established, if ethical dilemmas are sufficiently well addressed, and if the technology is offered as a reproductive option to cisgender heterosexual individuals or couples desiring to become parents, there is a moral obligation grounded in social justice to ensure that full ectogenesis be made available to individuals or couples identifying as members of sexual‐ or gender‐minority groups who likewise seek to pursue parenthood. We examine the history of access to current family‐building options, including assisted reproductive technology, surrogacy and adoption, for these populations and conclude that in the absence of robust empirical evidence suggesting an increased risk of harm to children of individuals and couples who identify as members of sexual‐ or gender‐minority groups, equitable access to ectogenesis as a pathway to parenthood for sexual and gender minorities must be assured as a matter of reproductive justice.
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DOI：
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Acta Pædiatrica
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DOI：
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