Loss of PRCD alters number and packaging density of rhodopsin in rod photoreceptor disc membranes.

Loss of PRCD alters number and packaging density of rhodopsin in rod photoreceptor disc membranes.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-74628-2
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发表时间:
2020-10-21
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Kolandaivelu S
Kolandaivelu S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sechrest ER;Murphy J;Senapati S;Goldberg AFX;Park PS;Kolandaivelu S

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进行性视杆锥变性 (PRCD) 是一种定位于光感受器外节 (OS) 椎间盘膜的小蛋白质。 PRCD 的一些突变与犬科动物和人类的色素性视网膜炎 (RP) 有关,虽然最近的研究已经确定 PRCD 是高保真椎间盘形态发生所必需的,但它在此过程中的确切作用仍然是个谜。为了更好地了解 PRCD 在疾病进展中所起的作用及其对光感受器 OS 盘形态发生的贡献,我们使用 CRISPR/Cas9 生成了 Prcd-KO 动物模型。视网膜 PRCD 的丧失会导致视觉功能下降,并伴有慢视杆光感受器变性。我们观察到在光感受器变性之前 Prcd-KO 视网膜中的视紫红质水平显着降低。此外,超微结构分析表明,缺乏 PRCD 的视杆光感受器会表现出迷失方向和变形的 OS 盘膜。引人注目的是,原子力显微镜显示,与野生型视盘相比,Prcd-KO 视杆光感受器神经元中的许多视盘膜是不规则的,含有较少的视紫红质分子和较低的视紫红质堆积密度。这项研究强烈表明 PRCD 在调节视紫红质掺入和包装密度到视盘膜中的重要作用,当该过程失调时,可能会引起 PRCD 相关 RP 患者观察到的视觉缺陷。
Progressive rod-cone degeneration (PRCD) is a small protein localized to photoreceptor outer segment (OS) disc membranes. Several mutations in PRCD are linked to retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in canines and humans, and while recent studies have established that PRCD is required for high fidelity disc morphogenesis, its precise role in this process remains a mystery. To better understand the part which PRCD plays in disease progression as well as its contribution to photoreceptor OS disc morphogenesis, we generated a Prcd-KO animal model using CRISPR/Cas9. Loss of PRCD from the retina results in reduced visual function accompanied by slow rod photoreceptor degeneration. We observed a significant decrease in rhodopsin levels in Prcd-KO retina prior to photoreceptor degeneration. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis demonstrates that rod photoreceptors lacking PRCD display disoriented and dysmorphic OS disc membranes. Strikingly, atomic force microscopy reveals that many disc membranes in Prcd-KO rod photoreceptor neurons are irregular, containing fewer rhodopsin molecules and decreased rhodopsin packing density compared to wild-type discs. This study strongly suggests an important role for PRCD in regulation of rhodopsin incorporation and packaging density into disc membranes, a process which, when dysregulated, likely gives rise to the visual defects observed in patients with PRCD-associated RP.
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