Age-related differences in memory and executive functions in healthy APOE ɛ4 carriers: the contribution of individual differences in prefrontal volumes and systolic blood pressure.
Age-related differences in memory and executive functions in healthy APOE ɛ4 carriers: the contribution of individual differences in prefrontal volumes and systolic blood pressure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.12.025
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发表时间：
2012-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Raz N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bender AR;Raz N
高龄和血管风险与多个大脑区域的体积下降有关，特别是前额叶皮层和海马体。老年人，即使不受健康状况下降的影响，在多个认知领域，如情景记忆，执行功能和感知处理速度方面的表现也不如年轻人。认知能力下降和血管疾病的一个已知遗传风险因素，载脂蛋白E（APOE）基因的ε4等位基因的存在，占这些下降的一部分;然而，遗传和生理血管风险因素对大脑老化和认知的联合作用程度尚不清楚。在一个健康成年人（年龄19-77岁）的样本中，我们研究了血管风险指标（收缩压，SBP）和海马（HC），外侧前额叶皮层（lPFC）和前额叶白色物质（pFWM）的体积对加工速度，工作记忆（WM）和识别记忆的影响。使用路径分析，我们模拟了年龄，SBP和脑容量对处理速度，WM和记忆的间接影响，并比较了APOE ε4携带者和ε3纯合子中这些变量之间的结构关系模式。在ε4携带者中，WM的年龄差异可以通过SBP增加、FWM体积减少和处理较慢来解释。相反，lPFC和FWM体积，而不是BP，解释了ε3纯合子中WM的年龄差异。因此，即使在APOE ε4等位基因的健康老年携带者中，临床上不显著的血管风险增加可能与额叶体积减少和认知功能受损有关。
Advanced age and vascular risk are associated with declines in the volumes of multiple brain regions, especially, the prefrontal cortex, and the hippocampus. Older adults, even unencumbered by declining health, perform less well than their younger counterparts in multiple cognitive domains, such as episodic memory, executive functions, and speed of perceptual processing. Presence of a known genetic risk factor for cognitive decline and vascular disease, the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, accounts for some share of those declines; however, the extent of the joint contribution of genetic and physiological vascular risk factors on the aging brain and cognition is unclear. In a sample of healthy adults (age 19–77), we examined the effects of a vascular risk indicator (systolic blood pressure, SBP) and volumes of hippocampus (HC), lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), and prefrontal white matter (pFWM) on processing speed, working memory (WM), and recognition memory. Using path analyses, we modeled indirect effects of age, SBP, and brain volumes on processing speed, WM, and memory and compared the patterns of structural relations among those variables in APOE ε4 carriers and ε3 homozygotes. Among ε4 carriers, age differences in WM were explained by increase in SBP, reduced FWM volume, and slower processing. In contrast, lPFC and FWM volumes, but not BP, explained a share of age differnces in WM among ε3 homozygotes. Thus, even in healthy older carriers of the APOE ε4 allele, clinically unremarkable increase in vascular risk may be associated with reduced frontal volumes and impaired cognitive functions.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/63.5.501
发表时间：
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