Dynamic influences on the neural encoding of social valence.

Dynamic influences on the neural encoding of social valence.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41583-022-00609-1
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发表时间:
2022-09
期刊:
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
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其他
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社会信号可以作为有力的情感触发器,对从认知到效价处理的过程产生强大的影响。社会信号是如何动态地、灵活地与积极或消极的效价相关联的?我们过去的社会经验和现在的社会地位如何塑造我们寻求或避免社会接触的动机?我们讨论了一个模型,其中社会属性,社会历史,社会记忆,社会等级和社会隔离可以灵活地影响配价社会刺激,这里称为“社会效价”。我们强调大脑如何编码这四个因素中的每一个,并强调在社会属性,社会记忆和社会等级的感知中发挥作用的神经回路和机制,以及这些因素如何影响与社会刺激相关的效价系统。我们强调了社会孤立的影响,剖析了调节急性与长期社会孤立影响的神经和行为机制。重要的是,我们讨论的概念模型,可能占潜在的转变价的社会刺激从积极到消极的隔离期延长的时间。总的来说,这篇综述确定了控制社会效价形成和归因的因素-整合了不同的研究领域,并强调了它们对社会刺激归类为积极或消极的独特贡献。
Social signals can serve as potent emotional triggers with powerful impacts on processes from cognition to valence processing. How are social signals dynamically and flexibly associated with positive or negative valence? How do our past social experiences and present social standing shape our motivation to seek or avoid social contact? We discuss a model in which social attributes, social history, social memory, social rank and social isolation can flexibly influence valence assignment to social stimuli, termed here as ‘social valence’. We emphasize how the brain encodes each of these four factors and highlight the neural circuits and mechanisms that play a part in the perception of social attributes, social memory and social rank, as well as how these factors affect valence systems associated with social stimuli. We highlight the impact of social isolation, dissecting the neural and behavioural mechanisms that mediate the effects of acute versus prolonged periods of social isolation. Importantly, we discuss conceptual models that may account for the potential shift in valence of social stimuli from positive to negative as the period of isolation extends in time. Collectively, this Review identifies factors that control the formation and attribution of social valence — integrating diverse areas of research and emphasizing their unique contributions to the categorization of social stimuli as positive or negative.
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