Overall assessment of antibiotic substitutes for pigs: a set of meta-analyses.
Overall assessment of antibiotic substitutes for pigs: a set of meta-analyses.
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猪用抗生素替代品的总体评估：一组荟萃分析
DOI：
10.1186/s40104-020-00534-2
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发表时间：
2021-01-07
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Wang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu B;Fu J;Zhu L;Li Z;Jin M;Wang Y
背景抗生素生长促进剂被广泛用于改善体重增加。然而，滥用抗生素会对人们产生许多负面影响。开发抗生素的替代品是畜牧业生产的迫切需要。本研究旨在通过Meta分析和网络Meta分析（NMA）研究饲料添加剂作为潜在抗生素替代品（AS）对细菌抑制、生长性能、肠道形态和免疫的影响。此外，初级，二级和三级AS的定义，通过比较他们的结果与抗生素的结果。ResultsAmong 16，309确定的研究，37总结研究饲料添加剂的抑菌效果，89包括在荟萃分析和NMA（10，228头猪）。我们总结了57种干预措施与32种细菌的268种关联。抑菌效果顺序为抗菌肽类抗生素>有机酸>植物提取物>寡糖。我们检测了11种饲料添加剂和11种结果的关联。与基础日粮相比，添加植物提取物、抗菌肽、益生素、微量元素、有机酸、噬菌体、溶菌酶、酶活和低聚糖显著提高了生长性能有机酸、益生菌、微量元素、溶菌酶和AMP显著提高了绒毛高度与腺窝深度的比值（V/C）植物提取物、酶制剂、微量元素、益生菌、有机酸对免疫功能有显著提高作用（P< 0.05）。最适AMP、噬菌体、溶菌酶、微量元素、低聚糖、有机酸、植物、植物提取物、益生菌和酶制剂的添加量分别为0.100%、0.150%、0.012%、0.010%、0.050%、0.750%、0.20%、0.040%、0.180%和0.100%。与抗生素相比，所有试验添加剂对仔猪生长性能、IgG和腹泻指数/率的影响均不显著（P> 0.05），AMP和微量元素显著提高V/C（P< 0.05），酶制剂显著提高淋巴细胞水平（P< 0.05）。此外，线性加权和模型被用来全面估计每种饲料添加剂对猪的生长和health.ConclusionsOur研究结果表明，AMP和植物提取物可作为主要的AS断奶仔猪和生长猪，分别。噬菌体、酶制剂、植物、益生菌、低聚糖、溶菌酶和微量元素可视为次级AS。核苷酸和有机酸可以被认为是三级AS。未来的研究应进一步评估组合饲料添加剂的替代效果。
BackgroundAntibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight gain. However, the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on people. Developing alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in livestock production. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA) to investigate the effects of feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes (ASs) on bacteriostasis, growth performance, intestinal morphology and immunity. Furthermore, the primary, secondary, and tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with the results of antibiotics.ResultsAmong 16,309 identified studies, 37 were summarized to study the bacteriostasis effects of feed additives, and 89 were included in the meta-analysis and NMA (10,228 pigs). We summarized 268 associations of 57 interventions with 32 bacteria. The order of bacteriostasis effects was as follows: antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) ≈ antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>oligosaccharides. We detected associations of 11 feed additives and 11 outcomes. Compared with a basal diet, plant extract, AMPs, probiotics, microelements, organic acids, bacteriophages, lysozyme, zymin, and oligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance (P< 0.05); organic acids, probiotics, microelements, lysozyme, and AMPs remarkably increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio (V/C) (P< 0.05); and plant extracts, zymin, microelements, probiotics, and organic acids notably improved immunity (P< 0.05). The optimal AMP, bacteriophage, lysozyme, microelements, oligosaccharides, organic acids, plants, plant extracts, probiotics, and zymin doses were 0.100%, 0.150%, 0.012%, 0.010%, 0.050%, 0.750%, 0.20%, 0.040%, 0.180%, and 0.100%, respectively. Compared with antibiotics, all investigated feed additives exhibited no significant difference in effects on growth performance, IgG, and diarrhoea index/rate (P> 0.05); AMPs and microelements significantly increased V/C (P< 0.05); and zymin significantly improved lymphocyte levels (P< 0.05). Furthermore, linear weighting sum models were used to comprehensively estimate the overall impact of each feed additive on pig growth and health.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that AMPs and plant extracts can be used as primary ASs for weaned piglets and growing pigs, respectively. Bacteriophages, zymin, plants, probiotics, oligosaccharides, lysozyme, and microelements can be regarded as secondary ASs. Nucleotides and organic acids can be considered as tertiary ASs. Future studies should further assess the alternative effects of combinational feed additives.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cromwell, GL
通讯作者：
Cromwell, GL
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Eng, Conrad;Kramer, Caroline K.;Retnakaran, Ravi
通讯作者：
Retnakaran, Ravi
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.02.001
发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Carvalho, Aline de Souza;da Silva, Marcia Vanusa;dos Santos Correia, Maria Tereza
通讯作者：
dos Santos Correia, Maria Tereza
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.08.013
发表时间：
2017-11-02
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Chen, Huaiqiong;Zhong, Qixin
通讯作者：
Zhong, Qixin
在减少蛋白质饮食中补充牛至精油可通过调节肠道细菌，肠形态和生长猪的抗氧化能力来改善生长性能和营养消化率。
DOI：
10.3390/ani8090159
发表时间：
2018-09-19
期刊：
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cheng C;Xia M;Zhang X;Wang C;Jiang S;Peng J
通讯作者：
Peng J