Mapping the planet's critical natural assets.
Mapping the planet's critical natural assets.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-022-01934-5
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
维持支撑人类福祉的生物体、生态系统和进程是实现可持续发展的必要条件。在这里，我们将关键自然资产定义为自然和半自然生态系统，这些生态系统提供了14种自然对人类的贡献（NCP）的90%，我们以2公里的分辨率绘制了这些关键自然资产的全球位置。维持地方尺度NCP的关键自然资产（14个NCP中的12个）占全球陆地总面积的30%和国家领土沃茨的24%，而44%的陆地面积也需要维持两个全球尺度NCP（碳储存和水分循环）。这些区域与文化多样性（包含96%的全球语言的区域）和生物多样性（涵盖73%的鸟类和66%的哺乳动物的区域要求）有很大的重叠。世界上至少有87%的人口生活在受益于当地规模NCP的关键自然资产的地区，而只有16%的人口生活在包含这些资产的土地上。这里绘制的许多NCP被排除在专注于保护物种或减缓气候变化的国际协议之外，但这项分析表明，明确优先考虑关键自然资产及其提供的NCP可以同时推进发展，气候和保护目标。作者汇集了关于自然对人类贡献的多个模型和数据库，绘制了这些贡献的全球地图，并确定了其规模最大的关键领域以及它们提供最大潜在人类利益的领域。
Sustaining the organisms, ecosystems and processes that underpin human wellbeing is necessary to achieve sustainable development. Here we define critical natural assets as the natural and semi-natural ecosystems that provide 90% of the total current magnitude of 14 types of nature’s contributions to people (NCP), and we map the global locations of these critical natural assets at 2 km resolution. Critical natural assets for maintaining local-scale NCP (12 of the 14 NCP) account for 30% of total global land area and 24% of national territorial waters, while 44% of land area is required to also maintain two global-scale NCP (carbon storage and moisture recycling). These areas overlap substantially with cultural diversity (areas containing 96% of global languages) and biodiversity (covering area requirements for 73% of birds and 66% of mammals). At least 87% of the world’s population live in the areas benefitting from critical natural assets for local-scale NCP, while only 16% live on the lands containing these assets. Many of the NCP mapped here are left out of international agreements focused on conserving species or mitigating climate change, yet this analysis shows that explicitly prioritizing critical natural assets and the NCP they provide could simultaneously advance development, climate and conservation goals. Bringing together multiple models and databases on nature’s contributions to people, the authors map these contributions globally and determine the critical areas where their magnitude is the highest and where they provide the highest potential human benefit.
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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