Biodiversity, resilience and the stability of evolutionary systems

Biodiversity, resilience and the stability of evolutionary systems
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生物多样性、复原力和进化系统的稳定性

DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.022
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Gompert, Zachariah
Gompert, Zachariah
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nosil, Patrik;Feder, Jeffrey L.;Gompert, Zachariah

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各种宏观的进化现象,如长期的稳定性被进化的爆发打断,很难通过弱选择稳定地作用于个体突变的微观进化过程来解释。相比之下,如果进化系统是复杂和平衡的,偶尔会破坏平衡,那么变化的爆发是可以预期的。这种破坏代表了弹性的崩溃,类似于弹性带的折断。它可以由外部因素驱动,也可以由系统内部的自传播反馈回路驱动。因此,进化弹性可以帮助解释进化如何产生更广泛的生物多样性模式。我们概述了这一假设的证据和测试,它强调平衡进化的过程,正如50年前在生态遗传学中所敦促的那样,并通过一系列系统的现代结果。
Various macro-evolutionary phenomena, such as long-term stability punctuated by bursts of evolution, are difficult to explain via the micro-evolutionary process of weak selection acting steadily on individual mutations. In contrast, bursts of change are expected if evolutionary systems are complex and balanced, with occasional disruption of balance. Such disruption represents the collapse of resilience, akin to the snapping of an elastic band. It can be driven by external factors, or by self-propagating feedback loops internal to a system. Thus, evolutionary resilience could help explain how evolution generates broader patterns of biodiversity. We outline evidence and tests for this hypothesis, which emphasizes the processes balancing evolution, as urged fifty years ago in ecological genetics and via modern results in a range of systems.
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