Brain, body, and cognition: neural, physiological and self-report correlates of phobic and normative fear.
Brain, body, and cognition: neural, physiological and self-report correlates of phobic and normative fear.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.12.011
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Coan, James A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaefer, Hillary S.;Larson, Christine L.;Davidson, Richard J.;Coan, James A.
恐惧性恐惧反应似乎类似于一种在非威胁性情况下可以诱发的正常威胁反应的强烈形式。然而，规范性恐惧和恐怖性恐惧很少直接对比，因此这两种类型的恐惧引起相似的神经和身体反应的程度并不清楚。为了研究正常恐惧和恐惧症恐惧的生物学相关性，21名蛇恐惧症患者和21名非恐惧症患者在事件相关的fMRI设计中观看了蛇滑行，蛇攻击和鱼的视频。同时收集皮肤电，瞳孔，和自我报告的情感反应。非恐惧性恐惧激活了一个威胁反应脑区网络，涉及瞳孔放大，皮肤电反应和自我报告的对攻击蛇的选择性影响。恐惧症的恐惧招募了大量的大脑区域，包括那些在正常恐惧中活跃的区域以及额外的结构，也引起了瞳孔扩大，皮肤电和自我报告的反应，这些反应对任何蛇都比鱼大。重要的是，恐惧症表现出更大的之间和受试者内的一致性之间的神经，皮肤电，瞳孔和主观报告的措施。这些结果表明，恐怖反应招募重叠，但更强烈的激活和更广泛的网络的大脑活动相比，规范的恐惧，其特征是更大的一致性之间的神经激活，外周生理和自我报告。目前还不清楚一致性是否是精神病理学所独有的，或者仅仅是恐惧反应中强烈恐惧的一个指标，但这些结果强调了恐惧反应期间大脑，身体和认知之间同步的重要性。
The phobic fear response appears to resemble an intense form of normal threat responding that can be induced in a nonthreatening situation. However, normative and phobic fear are rarely contrasted directly, thus the degree to which these two types of fear elicit similar neural and bodily responses is not well understood. To examine biological correlates of normal and phobic fear, 21 snake phobic and 21 nonphobic controls saw videos of slithering snakes, attacking snakes and fish in an event-related fMRI design. Simultaneous eletrodermal, pupillary, and self-reported affective responses were collected. Nonphobic fear activated a network of threat-responsive brain regions and involved pupillary dilation, electrodermal response and self-reported affect selective to the attacking snakes. Phobic fear recruited a large array of brain regions including those active in normal fear plus additional structures and also engendered increased pupil dilation, electrodermal and self-reported responses that were greater to any snake versus fish. Importantly, phobics showed greater between- and within-subject concordance among neural, electrodermal, pupillary, and subjective report measures. These results suggest phobic responses recruit overlapping but more strongly activated and more extensive networks of brain activity as compared to normative fear, and are characterized by greater concordance among neural activation, peripheral physiology and self-report. It is yet unclear whether concordance is unique to psychopathology, or rather simply an indicator of the intense fear seen in the phobic response, but these results underscore the importance of synchrony between brain, body, and cognition during the phobic reaction.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
KLIEGER, DM
通讯作者：
KLIEGER, DM
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Davidson, RJ;Marshall, JR;Henriques, JB
通讯作者：
Henriques, JB
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Logan, BR;Rowe, DB
通讯作者：
Rowe, DB
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Davidson, J
通讯作者：
Davidson, J
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Kindt, M;Brosschot, JF
通讯作者：
Brosschot, JF