Fluctuations of subsystem entropies at late times

Fluctuations of subsystem entropies at late times
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子系统熵的后期波动

DOI:
10.1103/physreva.105.022416
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Daniel Ranard
Daniel Ranard
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jordan S. Cotler;Nicholas Hunter;Daniel Ranard

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研究了封闭量子多体系统热化后子系统熵的涨落。使用随机量子电路和哈密顿动力学的分析和数值相结合,我们发现,这种熵波动的统计是完全不同的,比在经典的设置。例如,在系统热化之后不久,子区域的熵波动的概率在互补子区域的希尔伯特空间的维度中被抑制。这种抑制作为时间的函数变得越来越严格,最终取决于希尔伯特空间维度的指数,直到抑制量饱和的极晚期。我们还使用我们的结果来估计在大的时间尺度上的罕见波动的总数。我们发现,在量子多体系统中,“玻尔兹曼脑”悖论在很大程度上得到了改善,与经典的设置。
We study the fluctuations of subsystem entropies in closed quantum many-body systems after thermalization. Using a combination of analytics and numerics for both random quantum circuits and Hamiltonian dynamics, we find that the statistics of such entropy fluctuations is drastically different than in the classical setting. For instance, shortly after a system thermalizes, the probability of entropy fluctuations for a subregion are suppressed in the dimension of the Hilbert space of the complementary subregion. This suppression becomes increasingly stringent as a function of time, ultimately depending on the exponential of the Hilbert space dimension, until extremely late times when the amount of suppression saturates. We also use our results to estimate the total number of rare fluctuations at large timescales. We find that the "Boltzmann brain" paradox is largely ameliorated in quantum many-body systems, in contrast with the classical setting.
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发表时间: 2013
期刊: Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
影响因子: --
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