Utilization of central nervous system resources for preparation and performance of complex walking tasks in older adults.
Utilization of central nervous system resources for preparation and performance of complex walking tasks in older adults.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2014.00217
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Porges EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark DJ;Rose DK;Ring SA;Porges EC
在家庭和社区中行走经常涉及复杂的行走任务的执行。了解对这些任务的控制对于保持老年人的独立性和生活质量至关重要。然而，这方面的研究很少。在这里，我们评估了中枢神经系统（CNS）活动的两种测量方法对复杂步行任务的准备和表现所带来的挑战的反应程度。用功能近红外光谱法（fNIRS）测量前额叶皮层活动，用皮肤电导水平法（SCL）测量交感神经系统觉醒。材料和方法：16例轻度行动障碍的老年男女（年龄：77.2±5.6岁）参加了本研究。参与者在不受干扰的情况下，以自己喜欢的速度在一条畅通、光线充足的道路上行走（控制任务），同时在五种不同的挑战性条件下行走：执行认知语言流畅任务（口头任务）、昏暗的灯光（昏暗任务）、拿托盘（携带任务）、越过障碍（障碍任务）和穿加重背心（背心任务）。在每个任务的准备和执行阶段计算平均前额叶激活和SCL。结果：在复杂步行任务的准备阶段，相对于对照任务，前额叶皮层活动和SCL升高。在表演阶段，前额叶活动保持在与任务准备阶段相似的水平。相比之下，SCL继续增加，超过了任务准备期间的水平。研究发现，在复杂的行走任务中，前额叶活动的大幅增加与保持步态质量有关。讨论：这些发现表明，中枢神经系统资源的可用性和利用对于优化老年人复杂步行任务的表现非常重要。
Introduction: Walking in the home and community often involves performance of complex walking tasks. Understanding the control of such tasks is crucial to preserving independence and quality of life in older adults. However, very little research has been conducted in this area. Here, we assess the extent to which two measures of central nervous system (CNS) activity are responsive to the challenges posed by preparation and performance of complex walking tasks. Prefrontal cortical activity was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and sympathetic nervous system arousal was measured by skin conductance level (SCL). Materials and methods: Sixteen older men and women (age: 77.2 ± 5.6 years) with mild mobility deficits participated in this study. Participants walked at their preferred speed without distractions along an unobstructed, well-lit course (control task) and also walked on the same course under five separate challenging conditions: performing a cognitive verbal fluency task (verbal task), dim lighting (dim task), carrying a tray (carry task), negotiating obstacles (obstacles task) and wearing a weighted vest (vest task). Mean prefrontal activation and SCL were calculated during the preparation and performance phases of each task. Gait spatiotemporal measurements were acquired by an instrumented gait mat. Results: Prefrontal cortical activity and SCL were elevated during the preparation phase of complex walking tasks relative to the control task. During the performance phase, prefrontal activity remained elevated to a similar level as during task preparation. In contrast, SCL continued to increase beyond the level observed during task preparation. A larger increase in prefrontal activity was found to be linked to preserved quality of gait during complex walking tasks. Discussion: These findings indicate that availability and utilization of CNS resources are important for optimizing performance of complex walking tasks in older adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apmr.2009.11.008
发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Rochester, Lynn