A comprehensive inventory of the ship traffic exhaust emissions in the Baltic Sea from 2006 to 2009.
A comprehensive inventory of the ship traffic exhaust emissions in the Baltic Sea from 2006 to 2009.
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DOI：
10.1007/s13280-013-0389-3
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发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Kukkonen, Jaakko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jalkanen, Jukka-Pekka;Johansson, Lasse;Kukkonen, Jaakko
本研究分析了2006-2009年波罗的海航运产生的二氧化碳、氮氧化物、硫氧化物、一氧化碳和PM2.5的排放。利用船舶交通排放评估模型计算了数值结果。该模型基于自动识别系统（AIS）的信息，可以实现高空间分辨率的船舶定位。尽管经济衰退，2009年的氮氧化物排放量仍比2006年高出约7%。然而，与2006年相比，2009年的硫氧化物排放量下降了约14%，这主要是由于2006年5月生效的硫氧化物排放控制区（SECA）的燃料要求，但也受到船舶活动变化的影响。分析了2006年1月- 4月和2009年1月- 4月SECA实施前后船舶排放的地理分布差异。预计2009年主要航线和众多港口的氮氧化物排放量大大超过2006年的排放量，这主要是由于使用AIS发射机的小型船舶数量不断增加。虽然2009年大多数主要航线的硫氧化物排放量有所减少，但在一些港口附近和一些交通密集的航线上，硫氧化物排放量有所增加。此外，还介绍了排放量的季节性变化，以及船舶船旗国、类型和重量方面的排放量分布。
This study addresses the exhaust emissions of CO2, NOx, SOx, CO, and PM2.5 originated from Baltic Sea shipping in 2006–2009. Numerical results have been computed using the Ship Traffic Emissions Assessment Model. This model is based on the messages of the automatic identification system (AIS), which enable the positioning of ships with a high spatial resolution. The NOx emissions in 2009 were approximately 7 % higher than in 2006, despite the economic recession. However, the SOx emissions in 2009 were approximately 14 % lower, when compared to those in 2006, mainly caused by the fuel requirements of the SOx emission control area (SECA) which became effective in May 2006, but affected also by changes in ship activity. Results are presented on the differential geographic distribution of shipping emissions before (Jan–April 2006) and after (Jan–April 2009) the SECA regulations. The predicted NOx emissions in 2009 substantially exceeded the emissions in 2006 along major ship routes and at numerous harbors, mostly due to the continuous increase in the number of small vessels that use AIS transmitters. Although the SOx emissions have been reduced in 2009 in most major ship routes, these have increased in the vicinity of some harbors and on some densely trafficked routes. A seasonal variation of emissions is also presented, as well as the distribution of emissions in terms of vessel flag state, type, and weight.
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Bartnicki, J.;Semeena, V. S.;Fagerli, H.
通讯作者：
Fagerli, H.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Notteboom, Theo
通讯作者：
Notteboom, Theo
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Jalkanen, J. -P.;Brink, A.;Stipa, T.
通讯作者：
Stipa, T.
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Jalkanen, J. -P.;Johansson, L.;Stipa, T.
通讯作者：
Stipa, T.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Berg, N.;Mellqvist, J.;Balzani, J.
通讯作者：
Balzani, J.