Environmental Factors Influencing COVID-19 Incidence and Severity.
Environmental Factors Influencing COVID-19 Incidence and Severity.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052120-101420
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发表时间：
2022-04-05
影响因子：
20.8
通讯作者：
Remais, Justin, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weaver, Amanda K.;Head, Jennifer R.;Gould, Carlos F.;Carlton, Elizabeth J.;Remais, Justin, V
新出现的证据支持环境因素（包括空气污染和化学品暴露、气候和建筑环境）与严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）传播和2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）易感性和严重性之间的联系。长期以来，气候、空气污染和建筑环境一直被认为会影响病毒性呼吸道感染，研究也建立了与COVID-19结果的类似关联。更有限的证据将化学品暴露与COVID-19联系起来。研究发现，环境因素通过四种主要的相互联系机制影响COVID-19：与疾病严重程度相关的既存疾病风险增加;免疫系统受损;病毒存活和运输;以及增加病毒暴露的行为。数据和方法问题都使这些关系的调查变得复杂，包括对粗略的COVID-19监测数据的依赖;机制研究中的差距;以及生态设计的主导地位。我们评估了环境与COVID-19关系的证据力度，并讨论了可能同时应对COVID-19大流行、健康的环境决定因素和健康差异的环境行动。
Emerging evidence supports a link between environmental factors—including air pollution and chemical exposures, climate, and the built environment—and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility and severity. Climate, air pollution, and the built environment have long been recognized to influence viral respiratory infections, and studies have established similar associations with COVID-19 outcomes. More limited evidence links chemical exposures to COVID-19. Environmental factors were found to influence COVID-19 through four major interlinking mechanisms: increased risk of preexisting conditions associated with disease severity; immune system impairment; viral survival and transport; and behaviors that increase viral exposure. Both data and methodologic issues complicate the investigation of these relationships, including reliance on coarse COVID-19 surveillance data; gaps in mechanistic studies; and the predominance of ecological designs. We evaluate the strength of evidence for environment–COVID-19 relationships and discuss environmental actions that might simultaneously address the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental determinants of health, and health disparities.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2012370118
发表时间：
2021-01-07
影响因子：
11.1
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