An Andean Avatar: Post-Neoliberal and Neoliberal Strategies for Securing the Unobtainable

An Andean Avatar: Post-Neoliberal and Neoliberal Strategies for Securing the Unobtainable
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安第斯山的化身:后新自由主义和新自由主义确保无法获得之物的战略

DOI:
10.1080/13563461003789803
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Bebbington A
Bebbington A
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bebbington A

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近年来,安第斯-亚马逊地区的采掘业日益扩张。这让人想起电影《阿凡达》,这种扩张引发了土地、领土和政治空间控制的冲突。这种扩张既发生在公开的新自由主义政权,也发生在自觉的后新自由主义政权。本文记录了不同政权在治理开采和社会环境冲突方面的趋同。我们借鉴了行政一级的声明和政策立场以及土著人民组织的声明。这种明显趋同的原因包括:长期存在的资源诅咒效应;需要筹集资源,为作为政府总体政治战略组成部分的社会政策工具提供资金;公司和政府之间的权力和信息不对称;以及国际关系。玻利维亚、厄瓜多尔和秘鲁在开采治理及其引发的冲突问题上意见一致,这表明在使用后新自由主义这一术语之前,必须非常谨慎。
Recent years have seen increasingly aggressive expansion of extractive industry in the Andean-Amazonian region. Reminiscent of the filmAvatar, this expansion drives conflicts over land, territory and political control of space. This expansion is occurring in both overtly neoliberal regimes and in self-consciously post-neoliberal ones. This essay documents the convergence among the different regimes' ways of governing extraction and socio-environmental conflicts. We draw on Executive level statements and policy positions as well as on statements by indigenous peoples' organisations. Among the reasons for this apparent convergence are: long-standing resource curse effects; the need to generate resources to finance social policy instruments that are integral to the governments' overall political strategies; power and information asymmetries among companies and governments; and international relations. The convergences among Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru regarding the governance of extraction and the conflicts that it catalyses suggests the need for great critical caution before using the terminology of post-neoliberalism.
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