Differences in Blood Flow Patterns and Endothelial Shear Stress at the Carotid Artery Using Different Exercise Modalities and Intensities.
Differences in Blood Flow Patterns and Endothelial Shear Stress at the Carotid Artery Using Different Exercise Modalities and Intensities.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2022.857816
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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内皮功能障碍是动脉粥样硬化的第一个病理生理步骤，90%的中风是由动脉粥样硬化引起的。运动计划旨在降低发生中风的风险;然而，运动的大多数有益因素仍然未知。内皮切应力（ESS）与内皮稳态有关。不幸的是，ESS还没有在不同的运动方式和强度在颈动脉的特点。因此，本研究的目的是确定运动引起的颈动脉血流模式。招募了14名明显健康的年轻成人（男性= 7，女性= 7）用于该重复测量研究设计。受试者在不同的日期完成了跑步机、自行车测力计和手臂测力计上的最大耗氧量（VO 2 max）测试，以及深蹲、卧推（Bench）和二头肌弯曲（Biceps）的1次重复最大值（1 RM）测试。此后，参与者以3种不同的运动强度（低，中，高）进行每次运动，同时获得颈动脉的实时超声图像和血流。通过Womersley估计ESS和通过Reynolds数（Re）估计湍流来评估血流模式。使用线性混合效应模型分析数据。使用Hedge g效应量进行Holm-Bonferroni校正的成对比较，以确定差异的大小。强度、运动方式和强度与运动方式的交互作用对两种ESS均有主效应（p < 0.001）。在高强度的跑步机产生了最大的ESS相比，其他的运动方式和强度，而卧推和二头肌卷曲产生了最少的ESS。所有的运动强度在所有的方式导致湍流血流。临床医生必须考虑不同的运动方式和强度如何影响ESS和颈动脉Re。
Endothelial dysfunction is the first pathophysiological step of atherosclerosis, which is responsible for 90% of strokes. Exercise programs aim to reduce the risk of developing stroke; however, the majority of the beneficial factors of exercise are still unknown. Endothelial shear stress (ESS) is associated with endothelial homeostasis. Unfortunately, ESS has not been characterized during different exercise modalities and intensities in the carotid artery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine exercise-induced blood flow patterns in the carotid artery. Fourteen apparently healthy young adults (males = 7, females = 7) were recruited for this repeated measures study design. Participants completed maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) tests on a Treadmill, Cycle-ergometer, and Arm-ergometer, and 1-repetition maximum (1RM) tests of the Squat, Bench Press (Bench), and Biceps Curl (Biceps) on separate days. Thereafter, participants performed each exercise at 3 different exercise intensities (low, moderate, high) while a real-time ultrasound image and blood flow of the carotid artery was obtained. Blood flow patterns were assessed by estimating ESS via Womersley’s estimation and turbulence via Reynold’s number (Re). Data were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Pairwise comparisons with Holm-Bonferroni correction were conducted with Hedge’s g effect size to determine the magnitude of the difference. There was a main effect of intensity, exercise modality, and intensity * exercise modality interaction on both ESS (p < 0.001). Treadmill at a high intensity yielded the greatest ESS when compared to the other exercise modalities and intensities, while Bench Press and Biceps curls yielded the least ESS. All exercise intensities across all modalities resulted in turbulent blood flow. Clinicians must take into consideration how different exercise modalities and intensities affect ESS and Re of the carotid artery.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Iwamoto E;Bock JM;Casey DP
通讯作者：
Casey DP
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Harris, Ryan A.;Nishiyama, Steven K.;Richardson, Russell S.
通讯作者：
Richardson, Russell S.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Kirk, Hayden;Kersten, Paula;Conway, Joy
通讯作者：
Conway, Joy
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Gurovich, Alvaro N.;Rodriguez, Lisa;Morales-Acuna, Francisco
通讯作者：
Morales-Acuna, Francisco
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Gates, Phillip E.;Gurung, Arati;Shandas, Robin
通讯作者：
Shandas, Robin