CAS9 transcriptional activators for target specificity screening and paired nickases for cooperative genome engineering.
CAS9 transcriptional activators for target specificity screening and paired nickases for cooperative genome engineering.
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DOI:
10.1038/nbt.2675
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发表时间:
2013-09
影响因子:
46.9
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Prokaryotic type II CRISPR-Cas systems can be adapted to enable targeted genome modifications across a range of eukaryotes.. Here we engineer this system to enable RNA-guided genome regulation in human cells by tethering transcriptional activation domains either directly to a nuclease-null Cas9 protein or to an aptamer-modified single guide RNA (sgRNA). Using this functionality we developed a novel transcriptional activation–based assay to determine the landscape of off-target binding of sgRNA:Cas9 complexes and compared it with the off-target activity of transcription activator–like (TAL) effector proteins. Our results reveal that specificity profiles are sgRNA dependent, and that sgRNA:Cas9 complexes and 18-mer TAL effector proteins can potentially tolerate 1–3 and 1–2 target mismatches, respectively. By engineering a requirement for cooperativity through offset nicking for genome editing or through multiple synergistic sgRNAs for robust transcriptional activation, we suggest methods to mitigate off-target phenomena. Our results expand the versatility of the sgRNA:Cas9 tool and highlight the critical need to engineer improved specificity.
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影响因子:
14.9
作者:
Meckler JF;Bhakta MS;Kim MS;Ovadia R;Habrian CH;Zykovich A;Yu A;Lockwood SH;Morbitzer R;Elsäesser J;Lahaye T;Segal DJ;Baldwin EP
通讯作者:
Baldwin EP
影响因子:
46.9
作者:
通讯作者:
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影响因子:
46.9
作者:
通讯作者:
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影响因子:
56.9
作者:
Jinek, Martin;Chylinski, Krzysztof;Charpentier, Emmanuelle
通讯作者:
Charpentier, Emmanuelle
影响因子:
56.9
作者:
Boch, Jens;Scholze, Heidi;Bonas, Ulla
通讯作者:
Bonas, Ulla