Walnut consumption increases satiation but has no effect on insulin resistance or the metabolic profile over a 4-day period.
Walnut consumption increases satiation but has no effect on insulin resistance or the metabolic profile over a 4-day period.
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2009.409
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Mantzoros, Christos S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brennan, Aoife M.;Sweeney, Laura L.;Liu, Xiaowen;Mantzoros, Christos S.
肥胖和糖尿病与高度加工食品的消费增加以及全谷物和坚果的消费减少有关。主要基于观察性研究，有人提出坚果可以提供更好的饱腹感，可以减少热量消耗，并可以降低患 2 型糖尿病的风险；但缺乏随机干预研究的证据。二十名患有代谢综合征的男性和女性参加了一项关于核桃食用的随机、双盲、交叉研究。受试者两次进入临床研究中心，为期四天，在那里他们接受等热量饮食。此外，他们早餐时食用含有核桃或安慰剂的奶昔（奶昔的卡路里、碳水化合物和脂肪含量是标准化的）。测量食欲、胰岛素抵抗和代谢参数。我们发现，与安慰剂早餐相比，在午餐前问卷调查中，与安慰剂早餐相比，核桃早餐后的饱腹感（总体 p 值 0.0079）和饱腹感（p = 0.05）有所增加，核桃效应在第 3 天和第 4 天达到显着水平（p = 0.02 和 p = 0.03）。在比较核桃与安慰剂饮食时，我们没有发现静息能量消耗、已知介导饱腹感的激素或胰岛素抵抗有任何变化。连续 4 天食用核桃会在第 3 天增加饱腹感。需要进行长期研究来确认核桃的生理作用、这些作用发生所需的持续时间，并阐明其潜在机制。
Obesity and diabetes have been associated with increased consumption of highly processed foods, and reduced consumption of whole grains and nuts. It has been proposed, mainly on the basis of observational studies, that nuts may provide superior satiation, may lead to reduced calorie consumption, and may decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes; but evidence from randomized, interventional studies is lacking. Twenty men and women with the metabolic syndrome participated in a randomized, double blind, cross-over study of walnut consumption. Subjects had two four-day admissions to the clinical research center where they were fed an iso-caloric diet. In addition, they consumed shakes for breakfast containing either walnuts or placebo (shakes were standardized for calories, carbohydrate, and fat content). Appetite, insulin resistance, and metabolic parameters were measured. We found an increased level of satiety (overall p-value 0.0079) and sense of fullness (p=0.05) in pre-lunch questionnaires following the walnut breakfast as compared to the placebo breakfast, with the walnut effect achieving significance on day 3 and 4 (p=0.02 and p=0.03). We did not find any change in resting energy expenditure, hormones known to mediate satiety, or insulin resistance when comparing the walnut versus placebo diet. Walnut consumption over 4 days increased satiety by day 3. Long term studies are needed to confirm the physiologic role of walnuts, the duration of time needed for these effects to occur, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Gavrila, A;Chan, JL;Mantzoros, CS
通讯作者：
Mantzoros, CS
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Sabaté, J;Cordero-MacIntyre, Z;Haddad, E
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Mattes, Richard D.;Kris-Etherton, Penny M.;Foster, Gray D.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Sabaté, J
通讯作者：
Sabaté, J
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Jimerson, DC;Mantzoros, C;Metzger, ED
通讯作者：
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