Telocytes in Different Organs of Vertebrates: Potential Essence Cells of the Meridian in Chinese Traditional Medicine
Telocytes in Different Organs of Vertebrates: Potential Essence Cells of the Meridian in Chinese Traditional Medicine
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脊椎动物不同器官中的特洛细胞：中医经络的潜在本质细胞
DOI：
10.1017/s1431927620001518
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Chen Qiusheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shi Yonghong;Wu Ruizhi;Zhang Yue;Bai Xuebing;Tarique Imran;Liang Chunhua;Yang Ping;Chen Qiusheng
端细胞（Telocytes，TC）是非常长的、非神经元的体细胞，其功能被广泛认为涉及提供体内不同细胞之间的连接。在不同的脊椎动物物种的免疫组织化学，双免疫荧光和电子显微镜下，在不同的器官中的TC的细胞特性进行了研究，在这里，我们调查的背景下，这些细胞的“经络”在中国传统医学（CTM）的拟议属性。结果表明，TC和它们的长延伸端足（Tps）在整个身体的结缔组织中通过同源和异质细胞连接形成复杂的网络，可以将皮肤与远处器官连接起来。在概念上，这是古代经络图的类比，将皮肤穴位与内脏联系起来。各种活跃的细胞和细胞外囊泡包括外泌体沿Tps沿着移动，其沿着Tps内的线粒体的发育，可以解释CTM中“气”（生命能量和信号通信）的结构证据。TC与神经、血管、内分泌和免疫系统的形态学关联也与先前提出的CTM经络理论相一致。皮肤筋膜中的TC与胶原纤维束之间存在着密切的联系，皮肤筋膜中的某些结构为针灸经络治疗提供了显微解剖学支持。TC分布和结构的动态性反映了经络在细胞水平上的可塑性。经络与TC具有相同的属性，两者都与各种疾病有关。在这里，我们总结了TC和经络之间的结构类似物，表明TC具有CTM经络的细胞学特征。因此，我们推测TC是CTM经络的“本质细胞”，可以连接和整合结缔组织中的不同细胞和结构。
Telocytes (TCs) are very long, non-neuronal, somatic cells whose function is widely believed to be involved in providing connections between different cells within the body. The cellular characteristics of TCs in various organs have been studied by immunohistochemistry, double immunofluorescence and electron microscopy in different vertebrate species, and here we investigate the proposed properties of these cells in the context of the "meridian" in Chinese Traditional Medicine (CTM). The results show that TCs and their long extensions, telopodes (Tps) develop a complicated network by homo- and heterocellular junctions in the connective tissue throughout the body, which can connect the skin with distant organs. In concept, this is the analogue of ancient meridian maps connecting skin acupoints with the viscera. Various active cells and extracellular vesicles including exosomes move along Tps, which, along with developed mitochondria within the podoms of Tps, may account for the structural evidence for "Qi" (vital energy and signal communication) in CTM. Morphological associations of TCs with the nerve, vascular, endocrine, and immune systems are also compatible with previously proposed meridian theories in CTM. Close relationships exist between TCs and collagen fiber bundles and some structures in skin fascia provide the microanatomical support for acupuncture treatment based on the meridian principle. The dynamicity in the distribution and structure of TCs reflects the plasticity of the meridian at the cellular level. As the same attribute, both the meridian and the TC have been associated with various diseases. Here, we summarize structural analogues between the TC and the meridian, suggesting that TCs have the cytological characteristics of the CTM meridian. We, therefore, hypothesize that TCs are the "essence cells" of the CTM meridian, which can connect and integrate different cells and structures in the connective tissue.
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