Age-Specific Activation Patterns and Inter-Subject Similarity During Verbal Working Memory Maintenance and Cognitive Reserve.
Age-Specific Activation Patterns and Inter-Subject Similarity During Verbal Working Memory Maintenance and Cognitive Reserve.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.852995
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Stern, Yaakov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Habeck, Christian;Gazes, Yunglin;Stern, Yaakov
认知储备（CR），根据最近NIH资助的储备和弹性合作实验室的共识定义，1是由任何有助于认知表现的机制构成的，超越了最广泛意义上的大脑结构，或与大脑结构相互作用。为了识别符合这一假设的多变量激活模式，我们研究了一个口头斯滕贝格功能磁共振成像任务，并对181名年龄范围在20-30岁（44名参与者）和55-70岁（137名参与者）的人进行了成像。除了任务表现，参与者的特点是人口统计学，神经心理学评估的词汇，情景记忆，知觉速度和抽象流体推理。参与者研究了一个数组中的一个，三个，或六个大写字母为3秒（=编码阶段），然后一个空白的固定屏幕呈现7秒（=维护阶段），以探测与小写字母，他们的反应与差分按钮按下字母是否是研究阵列的一部分或没有（=检索阶段）。我们专注于识别与维护相关的激活模式，显示两个年龄组的个体参与者水平上的模式分数的记忆负荷增加。我们发现，在年轻参与者中，除了一个人之外，所有人的记忆负荷都增加了（p < 0.001），而在老年组中，所有参与者的记忆负荷都增加了（p < 0.001）。这两种模式表现出广泛的地形相似性，但是，任务表现和神经心理学特征的关系显着不同，并指出认知储备的个体差异。除了组水平的激活模式的推导，我们还研究了个体工作记忆排练模式在老年参与者组中的受试者间空间相似性，作为神经心理学和任务表现，教育和平均皮层厚度的函数。较高的任务准确性和神经心理功能与老年参与者个体水平激活模式的较高受试者间相似性可靠相关。
Cognitive Reserve (CR), according to a recent consensus definition of the NIH-funded Reserve and Resilience collaboratory,1 is constituted by any mechanism contributing to cognitive performance beyond, or interacting with, brain structure in the widest sense. To identity multivariate activation patterns fulfilling this postulate, we investigated a verbal Sternberg fMRI task and imaged 181 people with age coverage in the ranges 20–30 (44 participants) and 55–70 (137 participants). Beyond task performance, participants were characterized in terms of demographics, and neuropsychological assessments of vocabulary, episodic memory, perceptual speed, and abstract fluid reasoning. Participants studied an array of either one, three, or six upper-case letters for 3 s (=encoding phase), then a blank fixation screen was presented for 7 s (=maintenance phase), to be probed with a lower-case letter to which they responded with a differential button press whether the letter was part of the studied array or not (=retrieval phase). We focused on identifying maintenance-related activation patterns showing memory load increases in pattern score on an individual participant level for both age groups. We found such a pattern that increased with memory load for all but one person in the young participants (p < 0.001), and such a pattern for all participants in the older group (p < 0.001). Both patterns showed broad topographic similarities; however, relationships to task performance and neuropsychological characteristics were markedly different and point to individual differences in Cognitive Reserve. Beyond the derivation of group-level activation patterns, we also investigated the inter-subject spatial similarity of individual working memory rehearsal patterns in the older participants’ group as a function of neuropsychological and task performance, education, and mean cortical thickness. Higher task accuracy and neuropsychological function was reliably associated with higher inter-subject similarity of individual-level activation patterns in older participants.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
D'Esposito, M;Postle, BR;Lease, J
通讯作者：
Lease, J
影响因子：
4
作者：
Nucci, Massimo;Mapelli, Daniela;Mondini, Sara
通讯作者：
Mondini, Sara
DOI：
10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.10.010
发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Habeck, C;Rakitin, BC;Stern, Y
通讯作者：
Stern, Y
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Nomi, Jason S.;Bolt, Taylor S.;Heller, Aaron S.
通讯作者：
Heller, Aaron S.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Lojo-Seoane, Cristina;Facal, David;Juncos-Rabadan, Onesimo
通讯作者：
Juncos-Rabadan, Onesimo