Deciphering the Roles of PPARγ in Adipocytes via Dynamic Change of Transcription Complex.

Deciphering the Roles of PPARγ in Adipocytes via Dynamic Change of Transcription Complex.
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通过转录复合物的动态变化解读 PPAR gamma 在脂肪细胞中的作用

DOI:
10.3389/fendo.2018.00473
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Xu L
Xu L
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma X;Wang D;Zhao W;Xu L

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过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)是一种在脂肪细胞中高度表达的依赖配体的转录因子,是脂肪生成和脂质储存的主要调节因子,是产热的核心参与者,也是脂质代谢和胰岛素敏感性的积极调节剂。作为一种调控众多靶基因的核受体,其特定的信号转导依赖于精细的转录和翻译后调控。值得注意的是,为了应对不同的代谢刺激,PPARγ招募各种辅因子并形成不同的转录复合物,这些复合物在成分和表观遗传修饰上动态变化,以确保特定的信号转导。在临床上,通过其完全激动剂噻唑烷二酮激活PPARγ已被证明可以提高胰岛素敏感性并诱导白色脂肪棕色化,但同时也会不理想地导致体重增加、内脏肥胖和其他不良反应。因此,解读PPARγ与其转录伙伴之间的组合相互作用以及它们在脂肪细胞发育、功能和衰老过程中的优先调控网络,将为我们开发新型部分激动剂提供分子基础,这些激动剂可促进PPARγ信号传导的益处而无有害副作用。在本综述中,我们讨论了脂肪细胞中PPARγ - 辅因子复合物的动态成分和精确调控机制,以及通过特异性PPARγ信号治疗代谢性疾病的前景。
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a ligand-dependent transcription factor highly expressed in adipocytes, is a master regulator of adipogenesis and lipid storage, a central player in thermogenesis and an active modulator of lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. As a nuclear receptor governing numerous target genes, its specific signaling transduction relies on elegant transcriptional and post-translational regulations. Notably, in response to different metabolic stimuli, PPARγ recruits various cofactors and forms distinct transcriptional complexes that change dynamically in components and epigenetic modification to ensure specific signal transduction. Clinically, PPARγ activation via its full agonists, thiazolidinediones, has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and induce browning of white fat, while undesirably induce weight gain, visceral obesity and other adverse effects. Thus, deciphering the combinatorial interactions between PPARγ and its transcriptional partners and their preferential regulatory network in the processes of development, function and senescence of adipocytes would provide us the molecular basis for developing novel partial agonists that promote benefits of PPARγ signaling without detrimental side effects. In this review, we discuss the dynamic components and precise regulatory mechanisms of the PPARγ-cofactors complexes in adipocytes, as well as perspectives in treating metabolic diseases via specific PPARγ signaling.
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