The copper radioisotopes: a systematic review with special interest to 64Cu.

The copper radioisotopes: a systematic review with special interest to 64Cu.
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DOI:
10.1155/2014/786463
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rubini G
Rubini G
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Niccoli Asabella A;Cascini GL;Altini C;Paparella D;Notaristefano A;Rubini G

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铜(Cu)是人体重要的微量元素;它作为多种酶和其他蛋白质的辅助因子,对呼吸、铁转运、新陈代谢、细胞生长和止血至关重要。天然铜包含两种稳定同位素 63Cu 和 65Cu,以及用于分子成像应用(60Cu、61Cu、62Cu 和 64Cu)和体内靶向放射治疗(64Cu 和 67Cu)的 5 种主要放射性同位素。生产铜放射性同位素的两种潜在方法涉及回旋加速器或反应堆的使用。非铜靶用于生产非载体添加的铜,这要归功于使用离子交换色谱法与靶材料进行化学分离,以尽可能低的非放射性同位素实现高放射性。 近年来,铜同位素已与抗体、蛋白质、肽和纳米颗粒联系起来,用于临床前和临床研究;影响铜代谢的病理条件,如门克斯综合征、威尔逊病、炎症、肿瘤生长、转移、血管生成和耐药性已被研究。我们的目标是讨论以 64Cu 为重点的所有 Cu 放射性同位素应用,特别是其 64CuCl2 形式,该形式似乎因其半衰期、辐射发射和螯合剂稳定性而最有前途,从而允许在肿瘤学和非肿瘤学领域中的多种应用。
Copper (Cu) is an important trace element in humans; it plays a role as a cofactor for numerous enzymes and other proteins crucial for respiration, iron transport, metabolism, cell growth, and hemostasis. Natural copper comprises two stable isotopes, 63Cu and 65Cu, and 5 principal radioisotopes for molecular imaging applications (60Cu, 61Cu, 62Cu, and 64Cu) and in vivo targeted radiation therapy (64Cu and 67Cu). The two potential ways to produce Cu radioisotopes concern the use of the cyclotron or the reactor. A noncopper target is used to produce noncarrier-added Cu thanks to a chemical separation from the target material using ion exchange chromatography achieving a high amount of radioactivity with the lowest possible amount of nonradioactive isotopes. In recent years, Cu isotopes have been linked to antibodies, proteins, peptides, and nanoparticles for preclinical and clinical research; pathological conditions that influence Cu metabolism such as Menkes syndrome, Wilson disease, inflammation, tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance have been studied. We aim to discuss all Cu radioisotopes application focusing on 64Cu and in particular its form 64CuCl2 that seems to be the most promising for its half-life, radiation emissions, and stability with chelators, allowing several applications in oncological and nononcological fields.
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