Neural bases of Theory of Mind in children with autism spectrum disorders and children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits.
Neural bases of Theory of Mind in children with autism spectrum disorders and children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits.
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DOI：
10.1111/desc.12167
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Viding E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Nions E;Sebastian CL;McCrory E;Chantiluke K;Happé F;Viding E
患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体很难理解他人的思想（心理理论；ToM），在行为和神经水平上都有明显的非典型处理。行为问题和高水平冷酷无情（CU）特征（CP/HCU）的个体表现出对他人情绪的反应减少和与他人互动困难，但在ToM的实验测试中表现正常。本研究旨在研究10-16岁ASD （N = 16）、CP/HCU （N = 16）和典型发育（TD）对照（N = 16）儿童（N = 16） ToM的神经基础。虽然预计ASD患者在涉及ToM处理的区域中表现出较低的fMRI反应，但与TD对照组相比，CP/HCU个体预计没有表现出差异。分析表明，在ToM期间，TD组和CP/HCU组的神经反应没有差异。与ASD组相比，TD和CP/HCU儿童在ToM期间表现出更大的内侧前额皮质反应。在ASD组中，内侧前额叶皮层和右颞顶交界处（TPJ）的反应与自闭症诊断观察表（ADOS）测量的症状严重程度相关。研究结果表明，尽管ASD和CP/HCU都以社交困难为特征，但只有ASD患儿表现出与ToM相关的非典型神经加工。
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulty understanding other minds (Theory of Mind; ToM), with atypical processing evident at both behavioural and neural levels. Individuals with conduct problems and high levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits (CP/HCU) exhibit reduced responsiveness to others' emotions and difficulties interacting with others, but nonetheless perform normally in experimental tests of ToM. The present study aimed to examine the neural underpinnings of ToM in children (aged 10–16) with ASD (N = 16), CP/HCU (N = 16) and typically developing (TD) controls (N = 16) using a non-verbal cartoon vignette task. Whilst individuals with ASD were predicted to show reduced fMRI responses across regions involved in ToM processing, CP/HCU individuals were predicted to show no differences compared with TD controls. The analyses indicated that neural responses did not differ between TD and CP/HCU groups during ToM. TD and CP/HCU children exhibited significantly greater medial prefrontal cortex responses during ToM than did the ASD group. Within the ASD group, responses in medial prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) correlated with symptom severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Findings suggest that although both ASD and CP/HCU are characterized by social difficulties, only children with ASD display atypical neural processing associated with ToM.
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影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Lockwood, Patricia L.;Sebastian, Catherine L.;McCrory, Eamon J.;Hyde, Zoe H.;Gu, Xiaosi;De Brito, Stephane A.;Viding, Essi
通讯作者：
Viding, Essi
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Lord, C;Risi, S;Rutter, M
通讯作者：
Rutter, M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Carter EJ;Williams DL;Minshew NJ;Lehman JF
通讯作者：
Lehman JF
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Essau, Cecilia A.;Sasagawa, Satoko;Frick, Paul J.
通讯作者：
Frick, Paul J.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kimonis, Eva R.;Frick, Paul J.;Aucoin, Katherine J.
通讯作者：
Aucoin, Katherine J.