Insular cortex modulates social avoidance of sick rats.

Insular cortex modulates social avoidance of sick rats.
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岛叶皮层调节患病大鼠的社交回避。

DOI:
10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113541
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发表时间:
2022-01-07
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Christianson JP
Christianson JP
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rieger NS;Worley NB;Ng AJ;Christianson JP

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避免生病的人是至关重要的,以保持一个人的健康和预防传染病的传播。为了成功地做到这一点,人们必须识别疾病的社会线索,包括疾病行为和化学信号,并使用这些信息来协调社会互动。虽然许多社会物种在这一过程中能力很强,但对患病个体做出社会反应的神经机制只有部分了解。为此,我们使用了一项任务,其中实验大鼠被允许调查两个同种,一个健康,一个生病。为了模拟疾病,一种同种接受病毒模拟物聚肌胞苷酸(Poly I:C)和另一种盐水。在5分钟的社会偏好测试中,实验雄性和雌性成年大鼠避免Poly I:C处理的成年同种,但没有调整社会互动,以响应Poly I:C处理的青少年同种。为了寻找这种行为的神经轨迹,我们抑制了岛叶皮层,这是一个针对处于困境中的同种的社会行为所必需的区域。岛叶皮质失活通过管理GABAA激动剂蝇蕈醇实验大鼠之前,社会偏好测试消除了偏好,以避免生病的成年同种。这些结果表明,同种疾病的某些方面可能是编码在岛叶皮层,这是解剖学定位,以协调一个情境适当的社会反应。
Avoidance of sick individuals is vital to the preservation of one’s health and preventing transmission of communicable diseases. To do this successfully, one must identify social cues for sickness, which include sickness behaviors and chemosignals, and use this information to orchestrate social interactions. While many social species are highly capable with this process, the neural mechanisms that provide for social responses to sick individuals are only partially understood. To this end, we used a task in which experimental rats were allowed to investigate two conspecifics, one healthy and one sick. To imitate sickness, one conspecific received the viral mimic Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and the other saline. In a 5-minute social preference test, experimental male and female adult rats avoided Poly I:C treated adult conspecifics but did not adjust social interaction in response to Poly I:C treated juvenile conspecifics. Seeking a neural locus of this behavior, we inhibited the insular cortex, a region necessary for social behaviors directed toward conspecifics in distress. Insular cortex inactivation via administration of the GABAA agonist muscimol to experimental rats prior to social preference tests eliminated the preference to avoid sick adult conspecifics. These results suggest that some aspect of conspecific illness may be encoded in the insular cortex which is anatomically positioned to coordinate a situationally appropriate social response.
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