Management and Prevention Strategies for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) and Their Risk Factors.
Management and Prevention Strategies for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) and Their Risk Factors.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpubh.2020.574111
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kodzius R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Budreviciute A;Damiati S;Sabir DK;Onder K;Schuller-Goetzburg P;Plakys G;Katileviciute A;Khoja S;Kodzius R
非传染性疾病（NCD）由于其高死亡率而日益受到社会和国家政府以及全球的关注。非传染性疾病的主要危险因素可分为自我管理、遗传因素、环境因素、医疗条件因素和社会人口因素。主要重点是自我管理的要素，并就食物对风险管理的影响以及在生命的各个阶段预防非传染性疾病的行动达成共识。营养干预措施对于管理非传染性疾病风险至关重要。由于非传染性疾病及其风险因素至关重要，本审查报告强调了这些问题，并概述了几项共同预防战略。我们预见，最好的预防管理战略将包括个人（生活方式管理）、社会（意识管理）、国家（卫生政策决定）和全球（卫生战略）要素，并有目标行动，如多部门伙伴关系、知识和信息管理以及创新。最有效的预防策略是改变生活方式，包括饮食、体育活动、戒烟和控制代谢紊乱。
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are of increasing concern for society and national governments, as well as globally due to their high mortality rate. The main risk factors of NCDs can be classified into the categories of self-management, genetic factors, environmental factors, factors of medical conditions, and socio-demographic factors. The main focus is on the elements of self-management and to reach a consensus about the influence of food on risk management and actions toward the prevention of NCDs at all stages of life. Nutrition interventions are essential in managing the risk of NCDs. As they are of the utmost importance, this review highlights NCDs and their risk factors and outlines several common prevention strategies. We foresee that the best prevention management strategy will include individual (lifestyle management), societal (awareness management), national (health policy decisions), and global (health strategy) elements, with target actions, such as multi-sectoral partnership, knowledge and information management, and innovations. The most effective preventative strategy is the one that leads to changes in lifestyle with respect to diet, physical activities, cessation of smoking, and the control of metabolic disorders.
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