The gut-liver axis and the intersection with the microbiome.
The gut-liver axis and the intersection with the microbiome.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41575-018-0011-z
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Knight R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tripathi A;Debelius J;Brenner DA;Karin M;Loomba R;Schnabl B;Knight R
在过去的十年里，一个令人兴奋的认识是各种肝脏疾病，从非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、酒精性脂肪性肝炎、肝硬化到肝细胞癌，并不是没有关系的，而是沿着一个谱分布的。最近在肠-肝通讯轴生物学方面的工作有助于了解酒精性和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病的基本生物学。在高通量DNA测序和改进的计算技术的推动下，对微生物组的作用的理解取得了巨大的进步，这些技术允许对微生物组的复杂性进行询问，同时改进了实验设计，这一点非常重要。在这里，我们回顾了这些不同形式的肝病的肠-肝通讯，探讨了分子，遗传和微生物组的关系，讨论了利用微生物组来确定肝病阶段的前景，并在群体和个体水平上预测药物，饮食和其他干预措施的影响。我们的结论是，尽管在理解微生物组与肝脏疾病之间的关系方面还有很多工作要做，但在临床应用方面正在取得快速进展，特别是在研究设计方面，通过在多个方面（包括个体患者的遗传、免疫和微生物组特征）人性化的小鼠中进行机制工作来补充人类干预研究。这些“化身老鼠”可能对指导新的基于微生物组或微生物组的治疗特别有用。
In the past decade, an exciting realization has been that diverse liver diseases, ranging from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis, to hepatocellular carcinoma, are not unrelated but fall along a spectrum. Recent work on the biology of the gut-liver communication axis has assisted in understanding the basic biology of both alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Of immense importance is the massive advancement in understanding of the role of the microbiome, driven by high-throughput DNA sequencing and improved computational techniques that allow the complexity of the microbiome to be interrogated, together with improved experimental designs. Here, we review the gut-liver communications of these various forms of liver disease, explore the molecular, genetic and microbiome relationships, discuss prospects for exploiting the microbiome to determine the stage of liver disease, and to predict the effects of pharmaceutical, dietary, and other interventions at a population and individual level. We conclude that although much remains to be done in understanding the relationship between the microbiome and liver disease, rapid progress towards clinical applications is being made, especially in study designs that complement human intervention studies with mechanistic work in mice that have been humanized in multiple respects, including the genetic, immunological and microbiome characteristics of individual patients. These “avatar mice” may be especially useful for guiding new microbiome-based or microbiome-informed therapies.
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DOI：
10.1139/apnm-2012-0261
发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM-PHYSIOLOGIE APPLIQUEE NUTRITION ET METABOLISME
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arendt, Bianca M.;Ma, David W. L.;Allard, Johane P.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Ansari RA;Husain K;Rizvi SA
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Caussy, Cyrielle;Soni, Meera;Loomba, Rohit
通讯作者：
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