Cardiovascular and respiratory effect of yogic slow breathing in the yoga beginner: what is the best approach?
Cardiovascular and respiratory effect of yogic slow breathing in the yoga beginner: what is the best approach?
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/743504
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bernardi L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mason H;Vandoni M;Debarbieri G;Codrons E;Ugargol V;Bernardi L
缓慢呼吸增加心脏-迷走神经压力反射敏感性（BRS），改善氧饱和度，降低血压，并减少焦虑。在瑜伽传统中，缓慢的呼吸通常伴随着声门肌肉的收缩。这种阻力呼吸“ujjayi”以各种速率和吸气/呼气比率进行。为了测试ujjayi是否对减缓呼吸有额外的积极作用，我们比较了17名未参加瑜伽的年轻健康参与者在不同呼吸模式下的BRS和呼吸控制（以6次呼吸/分钟的相等/不相等吸气/呼气，有/没有ujjayi）。除吸气+呼气ujjayi外，伴或不伴呼气ujjayi的慢呼吸技术的BRS均增加（P < 0.05或更高）。呼气、吸气等长的慢呼吸时BRS增加最多，血压下降最少。这与血氧饱和度的显著改善相对应，而心率和通气量没有增加。Ujjayi表现出类似的血氧饱和度增加，但压力反射敏感性的改善略少，血压没有变化。在没有练过瑜伽的受试者中，吸气和呼气相等的缓慢呼吸似乎是提高压力反射敏感性的最佳技术。ujjayi的效果似乎取决于胸内压的增加，这比正常的缓慢呼吸需要更大的努力。
Slow breathing increases cardiac-vagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), improves oxygen saturation, lowers blood pressure, and reduces anxiety. Within the yoga tradition slow breathing is often paired with a contraction of the glottis muscles. This resistance breath “ujjayi” is performed at various rates and ratios of inspiration/expiration. To test whether ujjayi had additional positive effects to slow breathing, we compared BRS and ventilatory control under different breathing patterns (equal/unequal inspiration/expiration at 6 breath/min, with/without ujjayi), in 17 yoga-naive young healthy participants. BRS increased with slow breathing techniques with or without expiratory ujjayi (P < 0.05 or higher) except with inspiratory + expiratory ujjayi. The maximal increase in BRS and decrease in blood pressure were found in slow breathing with equal inspiration and expiration. This corresponded with a significant improvement in oxygen saturation without increase in heart rate and ventilation. Ujjayi showed similar increase in oxygen saturation but slightly lesser improvement in baroreflex sensitivity with no change in blood pressure. The slow breathing with equal inspiration and expiration seems the best technique for improving baroreflex sensitivity in yoga-naive subjects. The effects of ujjayi seems dependent on increased intrathoracic pressure that requires greater effort than normal slow breathing.
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