Ectopic expression of Triticum polonicum VRT-A2 underlies elongated glumes and grains in hexaploid wheat in a dosage-dependent manner.
Ectopic expression of Triticum polonicum VRT-A2 underlies elongated glumes and grains in hexaploid wheat in a dosage-dependent manner.
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DOI：
10.1093/plcell/koab119
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发表时间：
2021-08-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Uauy C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adamski NM;Simmonds J;Brinton JF;Backhaus AE;Chen Y;Smedley M;Hayta S;Florio T;Crane P;Scott P;Pieri A;Hall O;Barclay JE;Clayton M;Doonan JH;Nibau C;Uauy C
花的发育是决定作物产量的重要因素。在小麦（小麦属）中，小穗和花器官大小的自然变异在小麦种中特别明显。polonicum（也称为Triticum polonicum）是小麦的四倍体亚种，具有长颖片、外稃和谷粒。利用图位克隆技术，我们鉴定了编码属于短营养相家族的MADS盒转录因子的营养向生殖转换2（VRT 2）基因，作为T. Polonicum long-glume（P1）位点。致病性P1突变是内含子-1的序列重排，导致T。波兰VRT-A2等位基因。基于等位基因变异的研究，我们认为VRT-A2的内含子-1突变是唯一的T。polonicum亚种定义多态性，后来通过自然杂交引入六倍体小麦。近等基因系不同的P1位点显示了梯度效应的P1在小穗和小花内。转T. Polonicum VRT-A2等位基因的表达水平与穗、颖片、籽粒和花器官长度高度相关。这些结果突出了表达谱的变化，通过顺式调节的变化，可以影响农艺性状在多倍体作物中的剂量依赖性方式。MADS盒转录因子基因VRT-A2中的内含子1重排导致其错误表达，并定义了波兰小麦的长颖表型（T. polonicum）。
Flower development is an important determinant of grain yield in crops. In wheat (Triticum spp.), natural variation for the size of spikelet and floral organs is particularly evident in Triticum turgidum ssp. polonicum (also termed Triticum polonicum), a tetraploid subspecies of wheat with long glumes, lemmas, and grains. Using map-based cloning, we identified VEGETATIVE TO REPRODUCTIVE TRANSITION 2 (VRT2), which encodes a MADS-box transcription factor belonging to the SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE family, as the gene underlying the T. polonicum long-glume (P1) locus. The causal P1 mutation is a sequence rearrangement in intron-1 that results in ectopic expression of the T. polonicum VRT-A2 allele. Based on allelic variation studies, we propose that the intron-1 mutation in VRT-A2 is the unique T. polonicum subspecies-defining polymorphism, which was later introduced into hexaploid wheat via natural hybridizations. Near-isogenic lines differing for the P1 locus revealed a gradient effect of P1 across spikelets and within florets. Transgenic lines of hexaploid wheat carrying the T. polonicum VRT-A2 allele show that expression levels of VRT-A2 are highly correlated with spike, glume, grain, and floral organ length. These results highlight how changes in expression profiles, through variation in cis-regulation, can affect agronomic traits in a dosage-dependent manner in polyploid crops. An intron-1 rearrangement in the MADS-box transcription factor gene VRT-A2 leads to its misexpression and defines the long-glume phenotype of Polish wheat (T. polonicum).
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Akond, A. S. M. G. Masum;Watanabe, N.;Furuta, Y.
通讯作者：
Furuta, Y.
影响因子：
13.8
作者：
Allen AM;Winfield MO;Burridge AJ;Downie RC;Benbow HR;Barker GL;Wilkinson PA;Coghill J;Waterfall C;Davassi A;Scopes G;Pirani A;Webster T;Brew F;Bloor C;Griffiths S;Bentley AR;Alda M;Jack P;Phillips AL;Edwards KJ
通讯作者：
Edwards KJ
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Engledow, FL
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Engledow, FL
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Davies, B;EgeaCortines, M;Sommer, H
通讯作者：
Sommer, H
影响因子：
2
作者：
Biffen, RH
通讯作者：
Biffen, RH