Strategic prioritisation enhances young and older adults' visual feature binding in working memory.
Strategic prioritisation enhances young and older adults' visual feature binding in working memory.
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战略优先级提高年轻人和老年人的视觉功能绑定在工作记忆中。
DOI：
10.1177/1747021820960712
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nicholls LAB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen RJ;Atkinson AL;Nicholls LAB
特征和绑定的视觉工作记忆很容易受到与年龄相关的衰退的影响。两项实验旨在检验老年人是否能够战略性地优先考虑工作记忆中更有价值的信息，以及这是否可以减少与年龄相关的损伤。向年轻（18-33岁）和年长（60-90岁）的成年人展示彩色形状，并在短暂的延迟后，要求回忆伴随探测项目的特征。在实验 1 中，参与者要么被要求优先考虑阵列中更有价值的对象（序列位置 1、2 或 3），要么平等地对待所有对象。老年人的整体记忆表现较差，但与年轻人一样能够区分物体的优先顺序。在两组中，这种能力在中间序列位置上尤其明显。实验 2 随后探讨了年轻人和老年人的优先顺序是否受到演讲时间的影响。重复实验 1，老年人能够优先考虑工作记忆中更有价值的对象，显示出与年轻人相同的收益和成本。然而，以演示时间为索引的处理速度并没有限制这两个年龄段的战略优先顺序。总而言之，这些发现表明，尽管老年人的视觉工作记忆总体较差，但在整个衰老过程中，策略性地将注意力转移到工作记忆中更有价值的项目的能力却得以保留。
Visual working memory for features and bindings is susceptible to age-related decline. Two experiments were used to examine whether older adults are able to strategically prioritise more valuable information in working memory and whether this could reduce age-related impairments. Younger (18–33 years) and older (60–90 years) adults were presented with coloured shapes and, following a brief delay, asked to recall the feature that had accompanied the probe item. In Experiment 1, participants were either asked to prioritise a more valuable object in the array (serial position 1, 2, or 3) or to treat them all equally. Older adults exhibited worse overall memory performance but were as able as younger adults to prioritise objects. In both groups, this ability was particularly apparent at the middle serial position. Experiment 2 then explored whether younger and older adults’ prioritisation is affected by presentation time. Replicating Experiment 1, older adults were able to prioritise the more valuable object in working memory, showing equivalent benefits and costs as younger adults. However, processing speed, as indexed by presentation time, was shown not to limit strategic prioritisation in either age group. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that, although older adults have poorer visual working memory overall, the ability to strategically direct attention to more valuable items in working memory is preserved across ageing.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Atkinson AL;Berry EDJ;Waterman AH;Baddeley AD;Hitch GJ;Allen RJ
通讯作者：
Allen RJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bock, Otmar;Haeger, Mathias;Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia
通讯作者：
Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia
DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000413
发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子：
--
作者：
Allen RJ;Baddeley AD;Hitch GJ
通讯作者：
Hitch GJ
影响因子：
4
作者：
Castel, Alan D.;Humphreys, Kathryn L.;McCabe, David P.
通讯作者：
McCabe, David P.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Beigneux, Katia;Plaie, Thierry;Isingrini, Michel
通讯作者：
Isingrini, Michel