Topical treatment of glaucoma: established and emerging pharmacology.
Topical treatment of glaucoma: established and emerging pharmacology.
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青光眼的局部治疗：已建立的和新兴的药理学。
DOI：
10.1080/14656566.2017.1328498
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Edward DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dikopf MS;Vajaranant TS;Edward DP
青光眼是由视网膜神经节细胞死亡和相应的视野丧失组成的视神经病变的集合。青光眼是全球范围内不可逆视力丧失的主要原因，预计在未来几十年内患病率将急剧增加。目前的治疗选择旨在通过局部或口服治疗、小梁网或睫状体激光治疗和切口手术降低眼内压（IOP）。尽管小梁激光治疗的使用越来越多，但局部治疗仍然是大多数青光眼的一线治疗。新型青光眼治疗是长期以来的研究热点。自从美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）最后一次批准局部青光眼药物以来，已经过去了二十多年。在这里，作者回顾了已建立的局部青光眼滴眼液以及目前在FDA 2期和3期临床试验中接近临床使用的滴眼液。目前研究的青光眼药物主要通过增强小梁网流出来降低IOP。尽管很少有新兴疗法在动物模型中显示出视网膜神经节细胞和视神经神经保护的证据，但新兴药物专注于降低IOP，与已建立的药物类似。
Glaucoma is a collection of optic neuropathies consisting of retinal ganglion cell death and corresponding visual field loss. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide and is forecasted to precipitously increase in prevalence in the coming decades. Current treatment options aim to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) via topical or oral therapy, laser treatment to the trabecular meshwork or ciliary body, and incisional surgery. Despite increasing use of trabecular laser therapy, topical therapy remains first-line in the treatment of most forms of glaucoma. Novel glaucoma therapies are a long-standing focus of investigational study. More than two decades have passed since the last United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of a topical glaucoma drug. Here, the authors review established topical glaucoma drops as well as those currently in FDA phase 2 and 3 clinical trial, nearing clinical use. Current investigational glaucoma drugs lower IOP, mainly through enhanced trabecular meshwork outflow. Although few emerging therapies show evidence of retinal ganglion cell and optic nerve neuroprotection in animal models, emerging drugs are focused on lowering IOP, similar to established medicines.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
COAKES, RL;BRUBAKER, RF
通讯作者：
BRUBAKER, RF
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
BOGER, WP;STEINERT, RF;THOMAS, JV
通讯作者：
THOMAS, JV
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Doganay, S;Evereklioglu, C;Er, H
通讯作者：
Er, H
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
BECKER, B
通讯作者：
BECKER, B
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Borghi, Valentina;Bastia, Elena;Impagnatiello, Francesco
通讯作者：
Impagnatiello, Francesco