Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of appressorium development by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.
Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of appressorium development by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1002514
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Talbot NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soanes DM;Chakrabarti A;Paszkiewicz KH;Dawe AL;Talbot NJ
稻瘟病菌（Magnaporthe oryzae）是影响全球粮食安全的重要病原体之一。为了引起稻瘟病，这种真菌形成了一种叫做附着胞的特殊感染结构。在这里，我们报告了使用下一代测序（NGS）对附着胞发育的全基因组转录谱分析。我们进行了RNA-Seq和高通量SuperSAGE分析，比较了这些方法在鉴定m.o ryzae差异基因表达方面的效用。然后，我们分析了附着胞发育过程中基因表达的全局模式。我们展示了大规模基因表达变化的证据，强调了自噬、脂质代谢和黑色素生物合成在附着胞分化中的作用。我们揭示了Pmk1 MAP激酶作为附着胞相关基因表达的关键全球调节剂的作用。我们还提供了转运蛋白编码基因家族的差异表达和参与奎宁酯摄取和利用的基因的特定高水平表达的证据，这与植物感染期间病原体介导的寄主代谢扰动一致。综合考虑，这些数据提供了与细胞分化相关的基因表达变化的全面高分辨率分析，这将为理解稻瘟病的生物学提供关键资源。稻瘟病菌会引起稻瘟病。世界上一半的人口以大米为主要食物来源，稻瘟病每年摧毁18%的水稻收成。因此，开发控制稻瘟病的方法是确保全球粮食安全的重要手段。稻瘟病真菌通过一种被称为分生孢子的孢子从被感染的植株迅速传播到未被感染的植株。当分生孢子落在水稻叶片表面时，它会形成一个叫做附着胞的特殊结构，用来穿透水稻叶片坚硬的外层角质层，使真菌能够进入植物组织。在这项研究中，我们使用了新的测序技术，通过观察其转录本的相对水平来鉴定在附着胞形成过程中活跃表达的基因。我们还比较了野生型真菌与突变型真菌的基因表达水平，突变型真菌不能产生附着胞，因此不能感染植物。该研究使我们能够确定附着胞形成过程中激活的关键代谢过程，并了解真菌代谢和生理在感染相关发育过程中如何发生显着改变。
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most significant pathogens affecting global food security. To cause rice blast disease the fungus elaborates a specialised infection structure called an appressorium. Here, we report genome wide transcriptional profile analysis of appressorium development using next generation sequencing (NGS). We performed both RNA-Seq and High-Throughput SuperSAGE analysis to compare the utility of these procedures for identifying differential gene expression in M. oryzae. We then analysed global patterns of gene expression during appressorium development. We show evidence for large-scale gene expression changes, highlighting the role of autophagy, lipid metabolism and melanin biosynthesis in appressorium differentiation. We reveal the role of the Pmk1 MAP kinase as a key global regulator of appressorium-associated gene expression. We also provide evidence for differential expression of transporter-encoding gene families and specific high level expression of genes involved in quinate uptake and utilization, consistent with pathogen-mediated perturbation of host metabolism during plant infection. When considered together, these data provide a comprehensive high-resolution analysis of gene expression changes associated with cellular differentiation that will provide a key resource for understanding the biology of rice blast disease. The fungus Magnaporthe oryzae causes a disease of rice, known as rice blast. Half the world's population depends on rice as a staple food source and rice blast disease destroys 18% of the rice harvest annually. It is therefore important to develop methods to control blast as a means of ensuring global food security. The rice blast fungus spreads rapidly from infected to uninfected plants using a spore known as a conidium. When a conidium lands on the surface of a rice leaf, it develops a specialised structure called an appressorium which is used to penetrate the tough outer cuticle of the rice leaf, enabling the fungus to enter plant tissue. In this study, we have used new sequencing technologies to identify genes that are actively expressed during appressorium formation by looking at relative levels of their transcripts. We have also compared levels of gene expression in a wild-type strain of the fungus to a mutant that is unable to make appressoria and therefore cannot infect plants. The study has enabled us to identify key metabolic processes that are activated during appressorium formation and to understand how fungal metabolism and physiology are dramatically altered during infection-related development.
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通过大米爆炸真菌中的不同机制，可以感觉到多个植物表面信号以形成appressorium。
影响因子：
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作者：
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