Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults?
Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults?
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DOI：
10.1037/a0013494
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发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kramer, Arthur F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basak, Chandramallika;Boot, Walter R.;Voss, Michelle W.;Kramer, Arthur F.
在老年人中观察到各种认知能力下降，尤其是执行控制功能。认知训练的一个重要目标是减缓或逆转这些与年龄相关的下降。然而，文献中对于认知训练是否能促使老年人的多种认知技能发生迁移存在分歧。不过，近期研究表明，对年轻人进行电子游戏训练可能会广泛迁移到视觉注意力技能。在当前研究中，我们使用一款即时战略电子游戏试图训练老年人的执行功能，比如工作记忆、任务转换、短期记忆、抑制和推理能力。老年人要么在即时战略电子游戏中训练23.5小时（训练组，n = 20），要么不训练（对照组，n = 20）。在电子游戏训练之前、期间和之后，对一系列认知任务进行评估，包括执行控制和视觉空间技能任务。受训者在游戏表现的测量指标上有显著提高。在一些认知任务子集上，如任务转换、工作记忆、视觉短期记忆和心理旋转，他们也比对照组有更显著的提高。对于电子游戏受训者，在抑制和推理方面也观察到改善的趋势。游戏表现变化的个体差异与任务转换的改善相关。这项研究对提高老年人的执行控制过程具有启示意义。
Declines in various cognitive abilities, particularly executive control functions, are observed in older adults. An important goal of cognitive training is to slow or reverse these age-related declines. However, opinion is divided in the literature regarding whether cognitive training can engender transfer to a variety of cognitive skills in older adults. Yet, recent research indicates that videogame training of young adults may engender broad transfer to skills of visual attention. In the current study, we used a real-time strategy videogame to attempt to train executive functions in older adults, such as working memory, task switching, short-term memory, inhibition, and reasoning. Older adults were either trained in a real-time strategy videogame for 23.5 hours (RON, n=20) or not (CONTROLS, n=20). A battery of cognitive tasks, including tasks of executive control and visuo-spatial skills, were assessed before, during, and after video game training. The trainees improved significantly in the measures of game performance. They also improved significantly more than the controls in a subset of the cognitive tasks, such as task switching, working memory, visual short term memory, and mental rotation. Trends in improvement were also observed, for the video game trainees, in inhibition and reasoning. Individual differences in changes in game performance were correlated with improvements in task-switching. The study has implications for the enhancement of executive control processes of older adults.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Ball, K;Berch, DB;Willis, SL
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
8.2
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1.8
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
BAREKET, T