Neuroembryology.

Neuroembryology.
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DOI:
10.1002/wdev.215
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发表时间:
2017-01
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gilbert, Scott F.
Gilbert, Scott F.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Darnell, Diana;Gilbert, Scott F.

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有些细胞是如何变成神经元的?脊髓和大脑中的神经元是如何组织起来的,使我们能够走路、说话、看东西、回忆生活中的事件、感受疼痛、保持平衡和思考?被指定形成大脑和脊髓的细胞最初位于胚胎的外表面。它们向内循环形成神经管,这个过程称为神经形成。附近的结构将信号发送到后部神经管以形成脊髓并形成脊髓图案,使得背侧接收感觉输入,腹侧将运动信号从神经元发送到肌肉。在大脑中,靠近神经管中心的干细胞迁移出来形成一个套区,一组来自套区的分裂细胞进一步迁移,在大脑的外表面产生第二组神经元。这些神经元将形成大脑皮层,其中包含六个离散层。每一层都有不同的连接和不同的功能。
How is it that some cells become neurons? And how is it that neurons become organized in the spinal cord and brain to allow us to walk and talk, to see, recall events in our lives, feel pain, keep our balance, and think? The cells that are specified to form the brain and spinal cord are originally located on the outside surface of the embryo. They loop inward to form the neural tube in a process called neurulation. Structures that are nearby send signals to the posterior neural tube to form and pattern the spinal cord so that the dorsal side receives sensory input and the ventral side sends motor signals from neurons to muscles. In the brain, stem cells near the center of the neural tube migrate out to form a mantel zone, and a set of dividing cells from the mantle zone migrate further to produce a second set of neurons at the outer surface of the brain. These neurons will form the cerebral cortex, which contains six discrete layers. Each layer has different connections and different functions.
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