Antiviral RNA interference in mammals.

Antiviral RNA interference in mammals.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coi.2018.06.010
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发表时间:
2018-10
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Li WX
Li WX
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ding SW;Han Q;Wang J;Li WX

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用RNA和DNA病毒感染植物和昆虫触发病毒衍生的小干扰RNA(vsiRNA)的Dicer依赖性产生,其随后通过RNA干扰(RNAi)引导特异性病毒清除。与RNAi的主要抗病毒功能一致,这些真核宿主中的生产性病毒感染取决于病毒编码的RNAi抑制子(VSR)的表达。真核生物RNAi途径是高度保守的,特别是在昆虫和哺乳动物之间。这篇综述将讨论最近的关键发现,表明在哺乳动物细胞中的RNAi途径的天然抗病毒功能。我们将总结哺乳动物vsiRNA和VSRs的特性,并强调哺乳动物抗病毒RNAi的功能和机制仍有待解决的重要问题。
Infection of plants and insects with RNA and DNA viruses triggers Dicer-dependent production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs), which subsequently guide specific virus clearance by RNA interference (RNAi). Consistent with a major antiviral function of RNAi, productive virus infection in these eukaryotic hosts depends on the expression of virus-encoded suppressors of RNAi (VSRs). The eukaryotic RNAi pathway is highly conserved, particularly between insects and mammals. This review will discuss key recent findings that indicate a natural antiviral function of the RNAi pathway in mammalian cells. We will summarize the properties of the characterized mammalian vsiRNAs and VSRs and highlight important questions remaining to be addressed on the function and mechanism of mammalian antiviral RNAi.
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