S region sequence, RNA polymerase II, and histone modifications create chromatin accessibility during class switch recombination.

S region sequence, RNA polymerase II, and histone modifications create chromatin accessibility during class switch recombination.
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S 区序列、RNA 聚合酶 II 和组蛋白修饰在类别转换重组过程中创建染色质可及性。

DOI:
10.1084/jem.20081678
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kenter,AmyL
Kenter,AmyL
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang,Lili;Wuerffel,Robert;Feldman,Scott;Khamlichi,AhmedAmine;Kenter,AmyL

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免疫球蛋白类别转换重组受增强子和种系转录启动子之间的长程相互作用控制,以激活转录并调节染色质对激活诱导的胞苷脱氨酶(AID)的可及性。然而,导致AID差异靶向转换(S)区而不是恒定(CH)区的机制仍不清楚。我们发现,S和CH区域动态修改组蛋白标记,分别与活跃和压抑的染色质状态。染色质可及性与激活组蛋白修饰是可重叠的,其延伸到整个S区域而不管长度。在S区检测到高密度延伸RNA聚合酶II(RNAP II),表明转录机制已经暂停,S区的缺失消除了停滞。我们建议RNAP II富集促进组蛋白修饰剂的募集以产生可及性。因此,由转录产生的组蛋白甲基化模式将可接近的染色质定位于S区域,从而集中AID攻击。
Immunoglobulin class switch recombination is governed by long-range interactions between enhancers and germline transcript promoters to activate transcription and modulate chromatin accessibility to activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). However, mechanisms leading to the differential targeting of AID to switch (S) regions but not to constant (CH) regions remain unclear. We show that S and CHregions are dynamically modified with histone marks that are associated with active and repressed chromatin states, respectively. Chromatin accessibility is superimposable with the activating histone modifications, which extend throughout S regions irrespective of length. High density elongating RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) is detected in S regions, suggesting that the transcription machinery has paused and stalling is abolished by deletion of the S region. We propose that RNAP II enrichment facilitates recruitment of histone modifiers to generate accessibility. Thus, the histone methylation pattern produced by transcription localizes accessible chromatin to S regions, thereby focusing AID attack.
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