"If It Works in People, Why Not Animals?": A Qualitative Investigation of Antibiotic Use in Smallholder Livestock Settings in Rural West Bengal, India.
"If It Works in People, Why Not Animals?": A Qualitative Investigation of Antibiotic Use in Smallholder Livestock Settings in Rural West Bengal, India.
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“如果它对人有效，为什么不对动物有效？”：对印度西孟加拉邦农村地区小农牲畜环境中抗生素使用的定性调查。
DOI：
10.3390/antibiotics10121433
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发表时间：
2021-11-23
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mateus A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arnold JC;Day D;Hennessey M;Alarcon P;Gautham M;Samanta I;Mateus A
小农农场是印度主要的畜牧系统。动物往往与家庭成员密切接触，获得兽医服务的机会有限。然而，关于印度如何在小农牲畜中使用抗生素的研究有限。我们调查了抗生素的供应，使用，其驱动因素在小农畜牧业生产系统，包括交叉使用的人用和兽用抗生素在西孟加拉的两个农村地区。定性访谈进行了关键的线人（n = 9），牲畜饲养员（n = 37），正式和非正式的抗生素供应商从兽医和人类卫生部门（n = 26）。数据按主题进行分析，并按照“一个健康”的方法进行解释。牲畜饲养者和供应商使用抗生素主要是为了治疗个别动物，以及预防家禽疾病，但不是为了促进生长。所有供应商都使用（最优先）对人类健康至关重要的抗菌剂，并在牲畜中交叉使用人用抗生素制剂。获得兽药和服务的机会不足，以及人类抗生素在动物中的有效性和易于给药，推动了交叉使用。兽用抗生素因其已知的不良影响而未用于人类健康。鉴于受保护抗生素的使用程度和交叉使用，社区一级的干预措施应采取“一个健康”的办法，考虑到所有抗生素提供者和牲畜饲养者，并优先制定循证指南，以促进在动物中负责任地使用抗生素。
Smallholder farms are the predominant livestock system in India. Animals are often kept in close contact with household members, and access to veterinary services is limited. However, limited research exists on how antibiotics are used in smallholder livestock in India. We investigated antibiotic supply, usage, and their drivers in smallholder livestock production systems, including crossover-use of human and veterinary antibiotics in two rural sites in West Bengal. Qualitative interviews were conducted with key informants (n = 9), livestock keepers (n = 37), and formal and informal antibiotic providers from veterinary and human health sectors (n = 26). Data were analysed thematically and interpreted following a One Health approach. Livestock keepers and providers used antibiotics predominantly for treating individual animals, and for disease prevention in poultry but not for growth promotion. All providers used (highest priority) critically important antimicrobials for human health and engaged in crossover-use of human antibiotic formulations in livestock. Inadequate access to veterinary drugs and services, and a perceived efficacy and ease of dosing of human antibiotics in animals drove crossover-use. Veterinary antibiotics were not used for human health due to their perceived adverse effects. Given the extent of usage of protected antibiotics and crossover-use, interventions at the community level should adopt a One Health approach that considers all antibiotic providers and livestock keepers and prioritizes the development of evidence-based guidelines to promote responsible use of antibiotics in animals.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113813
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
Social science & medicine (1982)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gautham M;Spicer N;Chatterjee S;Goodman C
通讯作者：
Goodman C
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Chauhan AS;George MS;Chatterjee P;Lindahl J;Grace D;Kakkar M
通讯作者：
Kakkar M
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Davis A;Virhia J;Buza J;Crump JA;de Glanville WA;Halliday JEB;Lankester F;Mappi T;Mnzava K;Swai ES;Thomas KM;Toima M;Cleaveland S;Mmbaga BT;Sharp J
通讯作者：
Sharp J
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Gemeda, Biruk Alemu;Amenu, Kebede;Wieland, Barbara
通讯作者：
Wieland, Barbara
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Garcia-Alvarez, Laura;Dawson, Susan;Hawkey, Peter
通讯作者：
Hawkey, Peter