Exclusive breastfeeding duration and infant infection.
Exclusive breastfeeding duration and infant infection.
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DOI：
10.1038/ejcn.2016.135
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
我们估计了与纯母乳喂养 (EBF) 持续时间相关的感染风险。我们分析了英国千禧队列研究中 15 名 809 名足月单胎婴儿的数据。婴儿根据 EBF 月份进行分组：从不、<2、2-4、4-6 和 6（后者是世界卫生组织 (WHO) 自 2001 年以来的政策：“2001 年后 WHO 政策”）。在 4-6 个月的 EBF 中，我们将那些在 6 个月前开始吃固体食物但不吃配方奶、并且在 6 个月时仍在母乳喂养的人（即 2001 年之前的 WHO 政策：“2001 年之前的 WHO 政策”）与其他模式分开。结果是婴儿期感染（胸部、腹泻和耳朵）。 EBF 与耳部感染无关，但与胸部感染和腹泻有关。与2001年之前的世界卫生组织政策相比，EBF<4个月与胸部感染（调整后的风险比（RR）1.24-1.28）和腹泻（调整后的RR 1.42-1.66）的风险显着增加相关。与 2001 年之前的 WHO 政策相比，EBF 持续 4-6 个月但在 6 个月前停止母乳喂养的婴儿出现胸部感染（调整后 RR 1.19，95% 置信区间 (CI)：0.97-1.46）和腹泻（调整后 RR 1.66，95% CI：1.11，2.47）的风险较高。根据 2001 年之前和 2001 年之后的 WHO 政策喂养的人群，胸部感染或腹泻的风险没有显着差异。对于 EBF 小于 4 个月或 EBF 4-6 个月且在 6 个月前停止母乳喂养的婴儿，感染风险会增加。这些结果支持当前的 EBF 指南，即 4-6 或 6 个月，此后继续母乳喂养。
We estimated the risk of infection associated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). We analysed the data on 15 809 term, singleton infants from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Infants were grouped according to months of EBF: never, <2, 2–4, 4–6 and 6 (the latter being World Health Organisation (WHO) policy since 2001: ‘post-2001 WHO policy'). Among those EBF for 4–6 months, we separated those who started solids, but not formula, before 6 months, and were still breastfeeding at 6 months (that is, WHO policy before 2001: ‘pre-2001 WHO policy'), from other patterns. Outcomes were infection in infancy (chest, diarrhoeal and ear). EBF was not associated with the ear infection, but was associated with chest infection and diarrhoea. EBF for <4 months was associated with a significantly increased risk of chest infection (adjusted risk ratios (RR) 1.24–1.28) and diarrhoea (adjusted RRs 1.42–1.66) compared with the pre-2001 WHO policy. There was an excess risk of the chest infection (adjusted RR 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97–1.46) and diarrhoea (adjusted RR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.47) among infants EBF for 4–6 months, but who stopped breastfeeding by 6 months, compared with the pre-2001 WHO policy. There was no significant difference in the risk of chest infection or diarrhoea in those fed according to the pre-2001 versus post-2001 WHO policy. There is an increased risk of infection in infants EBF for <4 months or EBF for 4–6 months who stop breastfeeding by 6 months. These results support current guidelines of EBF for either 4–6 or 6 months, with continued breastfeeding thereafter.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170180083016
发表时间：
1995-05-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
PLESS, CE;PLESS, IB
通讯作者：
PLESS, IB
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Quigley, M. A.;Kelly, Y. J.;Sacker, A.
通讯作者：
Sacker, A.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Ajetunmobi, Omotomilola M.;Whyte, Bruce;Stockton, Diane L.
通讯作者：
Stockton, Diane L.
影响因子：
8
作者：
Paricio Talayero, Jose Maria;Lizan-Garcia, Maxima;Landa Rivera, Leonardo
通讯作者：
Landa Rivera, Leonardo
影响因子：
8
作者：
Quigley, Maria A.;Kelly, Yvonne J.;Sacker, Amanda
通讯作者：
Sacker, Amanda