Ethnic/racial minorities' and migrants' access to COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review of barriers and facilitators.
Ethnic/racial minorities' and migrants' access to COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review of barriers and facilitators.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100086
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
McKee M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abba-Aji M;Stuckler D;Galea S;McKee M
人们普遍担心少数民族和移民可能无法充分获得COVID-19疫苗。.提高这些弱势群体的疫苗接种率对于控制COVID-19的传播和降低不必要的死亡率至关重要。在此，我们对少数民族和移民获得和接受COVID-19疫苗的情况进行了系统性审查。我们检索了PubMed和Web of Science数据库中2020年1月1日至2021年10月7日期间发表的论文。如果研究是同行评审的文章，则包括在内;用英语撰写，包括少数民族或移民获得疫苗的数据或估计;并采用定性或定量方法。在总共筛选的248项研究中，有33项符合这些标准并被纳入最终样本。使用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表和关键评估技能程序工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。我们对定量研究进行了无荟萃分析的综合，对定性研究进行了框架综合。纳入的31项研究在高收入国家进行，包括美国（n = 17项研究）、英国（n = 10）、卡塔尔（n = 2）、以色列（n = 1）和法国（n = 1）。一项研究在中上收入国家-中国（n = 1）进行，另一项研究涵盖多个国家（n = 1）。26项研究报告了少数民族的成果，9项研究报告了移民的成果。大多数研究是定量-横断面研究（n = 24）和生态学研究（n = 4）。其余为定性方法（n = 4）和混合方法（n = 1）。有一致的证据表明，美国和英国的黑人/非洲裔加勒比人群体对COVID-19疫苗的犹豫水平升高，而对美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群和英国亚洲人群的研究提供了混合的图片，水平高于、低于或与白色人群相同。与其他族裔群体相比，美国的亚裔接受COVID-19疫苗的比例最高。卡塔尔和中国的移民群体对疫苗的接受程度高于一般人群。然而，移民到英国的人在获得疫苗方面遇到了障碍，主要原因是语言和沟通问题。缺乏信心，主要是由于对政府和卫生系统的不信任，加上沟通不畅，是黑人少数民族和移民接受的主要障碍。我们的研究发现，由于不信任和安全问题，黑人少数民族对COVID-19疫苗的信心较低，导致该群体对疫苗的高度犹豫。这种疫苗犹豫率构成了该少数民族接种COVID-19疫苗的主要障碍。对于移民来说，语言障碍、担心被驱逐出境和身体接触减少等便利因素减少了获得COVID-19疫苗的机会。通过医疗工作者、宗教和社区领袖建立信任、减少物理障碍、改善疫苗开发的沟通和透明度，可以改善少数民族和移民社区对COVID-19疫苗的获取和吸收。
There are widespread concerns that ethnic minorities and migrants may have inadequate access to COVID-19 vaccines. . Improving vaccine uptake among these vulnerable groups is important towards controlling the spread of COVID-19 and reducing unnecessary mortality. Here we perform a systematic review of ethnic minorities’ and migrants’ access to and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases for papers published between 1 January 2020 and 7 October 2021. Studies were included if they were peer-reviewed articles; written in English, included data or estimates of ethnic minorities’ or migrants’ access to vaccines; and employed either qualitative or quantitative methods. Of a total of 248 studies screened, 33 met these criteria and included in the final sample. Risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using Newcastle Ottawa Scale and Critical Appraisal Skills Program tools. We conducted a Synthesis Without Meta-analysis for quantitative studies and a Framework synthesis for qualitative studies. 31 of the included studies were conducted in high-income countries, including in the US (n = 17 studies), UK (n = 10), Qatar (n = 2), Israel (n = 1) and France (n = 1). One study was in an upper middle-income country -China (n = 1) and another covered multiple countries (n = 1). 26 studies reported outcomes for ethnic minorities while 9 studies reported on migrants. Most of the studies were quantitative -cross sectional studies (n = 24) and ecological (n = 4). The remaining were qualitative (n = 4) and mixed methods (n = 1). There was consistent evidence of elevated levels of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black/Afro-Caribbean groups in the US and UK, while studies of Hispanic/Latino populations in the US and Asian populations in the UK provided mixed pictures, with levels higher, lower, or the same as their White counterparts. Asians in the US had the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance compared to other ethnic groups. There was higher vaccine acceptance among migrant groups in Qatar and China than in the general population. However, migrants to the UK experienced barriers to vaccine access, mainly attributed to language and communication issues. Lack of confidence, mainly due to mistrust of government and health systems coupled with poor communication were the main barriers to uptake among Black ethnic minorities and migrants. Our study found that low confidence in COVID-19 vaccines among Black ethnic minorities driven by mistrust and safety concerns led to high vaccine hesitancy in this group. Such vaccine hesitancy rates constitute a major barrier to COVID-19 vaccine uptake among this ethnic minority. For migrants, convenience factors such as language barriers, fear of deportation and reduced physical access reduced access to COVID-19 vaccines. Building trust, reducing physical barriers and improving communication and transparency about vaccine development through healthcare workers, religious and community leaders can improve access and facilitate uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among ethnic minority and migrant communities.
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影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Ezer, Tamar;Abdikeeva, Alphia;McKee, Martin
通讯作者：
McKee, Martin
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Deal A;Hayward SE;Huda M;Knights F;Crawshaw AF;Carter J;Hassan OB;Farah Y;Ciftci Y;Rowland-Pomp M;Rustage K;Goldsmith L;Hartmann M;Mounier-Jack S;Burns R;Miller A;Wurie F;Campos-Matos I;Majeed A;Hargreaves S;ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Travellers and Migrants (ESGITM)
通讯作者：
ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Travellers and Migrants (ESGITM)
荷兰，荷兰，2月至2021年5月，对SARS-COV-2传播的疫苗有效性和其他确认病例的感染和其他紧密接触。
DOI：
10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.31.2100640
发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
影响因子：
--
作者：
de Gier B;Andeweg S;Joosten R;Ter Schegget R;Smorenburg N;van de Kassteele J;RIVM COVID-19 surveillance and epidemiology team 1,;Hahné SJ;van den Hof S;de Melker HE;Knol MJ;Members of the RIVM COVID-19 surveillance and epidemiology team
通讯作者：
Members of the RIVM COVID-19 surveillance and epidemiology team
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Green MS;Abdullah R;Vered S;Nitzan D
通讯作者：
Nitzan D
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Hernandez, Raquel G.;Hagen, Loni;Lengacher, Cecile
通讯作者：
Lengacher, Cecile