Towards a Mechanistic Model of Tau-Mediated Pathology in Tauopathies: What Can We Learn from Cell-Based In Vitro Assays?

Towards a Mechanistic Model of Tau-Mediated Pathology in Tauopathies: What Can We Learn from Cell-Based In Vitro Assays?
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms231911527
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发表时间:
2022-09-29
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
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tau病是一组神经退行性疾病,其特征是大脑中tau蛋白的过度磷酸化和沉积。在阿尔茨海默病和其他相关的tau病变中,tau沉积的模式遵循解剖学上相连的大脑区域之间的典型进展。越来越多的证据表明,tau以“朊病毒样”的方式表现,并且病理性tau的播种和传播驱动进行性神经退行性变。尽管近年来取得了一些进展,但所涉及的确切细胞和分子机制在很大程度上仍然未知。由于对任何牛头病都没有有效的治疗方法,因此越来越需要可靠的实验模型,以便为我们提供更好的知识和对其病因的理解,并确定新的分子靶点。在这篇综述中,我们将总结用于模拟tau病理的细胞模型的发展。我们将讨论它们的不同应用以及对我们目前对病理性tau的“朊病毒样”性质的理解的贡献。
Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the hyperphosphorylation and deposition of tau proteins in the brain. In Alzheimer’s disease, and other related tauopathies, the pattern of tau deposition follows a stereotypical progression between anatomically connected brain regions. Increasing evidence suggests that tau behaves in a “prion-like” manner, and that seeding and spreading of pathological tau drive progressive neurodegeneration. Although several advances have been made in recent years, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Since there are no effective therapies for any tauopathy, there is a growing need for reliable experimental models that would provide us with better knowledge and understanding of their etiology and identify novel molecular targets. In this review, we will summarize the development of cellular models for modeling tau pathology. We will discuss their different applications and contributions to our current understanding of the “prion-like” nature of pathological tau.
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