Critical Time, Space, and Decision‐Making Agent Considerations in Human‐Centered Interdisciplinary Hurricane‐Related Research

Critical Time, Space, and Decision‐Making Agent Considerations in Human‐Centered Interdisciplinary Hurricane‐Related Research
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关键时间、空间和决策——以人为中心的跨学科飓风中的代理人考虑因素——相关研究

DOI:
10.1111/risa.13380
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Wang, Haizhong
Wang, Haizhong
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Murray‐Tuite, Pamela;Ge, Y. Gurt;Zobel, Christopher;Nateghi, Roshanak;Wang, Haizhong

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在灾害和灾害背景下,以人为中心的方法在跨学科研究中很有希望,因为人类和社区在许多灾害定义中占有突出地位,而建造的环境是由人类设计和建造的,以满足他们的需求。在以人为中心的方法下,决策代理成为一个关键的考虑因素。本文讨论和说明了决策机构、时间和空间协调一致的必要性,以便对飓风,特别是疏散和紧随其后的后果进行跨学科研究。在此背景下,我们特别考虑了社会行为科学、交通工程、电力系统工程和决策支持系统等领域。这些学科历来采用不同的决策主体,从个人到家庭,再到公用事业和政府机构。在研究的空间尺度上,这些领域基本上会聚到地方层面,并根据一些系统的物理结构和操作进行了一些扩展。各领域的数据收集频率差异较大,从一次性(例如调查)到连续监测系统(例如传感器)不等。解决这些差异对于跨学科团队在与保护行动相关的灾害研究中取得成功至关重要。
In hazard and disaster contexts, human‐centered approaches are promising for interdisciplinary research since humans and communities feature prominently in many definitions of disaster and the built environment is designed and constructed by humans to serve their needs. With a human‐centered approach, the decision‐making agent becomes a critical consideration. This article discusses and illustrates the need for alignment of decision‐making agents, time, and space for interdisciplinary research on hurricanes, particularly evacuation and the immediate aftermath. We specifically consider the fields of sociobehavioral science, transportation engineering, power systems engineering, and decision support systems in this context. These disciplines have historically adopted different decision‐making agents, ranging from individuals to households to utilities and government agencies. The fields largely converged to the local level for studies’ spatial scales, with some extensions based on the physical construction and operation of some systems. Greater discrepancy across the fields is found in the frequency of data collection, which ranges from one time (e.g., surveys) to continuous monitoring systems (e.g., sensors). Resolving these differences is important for the success of interdisciplinary teams in protective‐action‐related disaster research.
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DOI: 10.1111/risa.13280
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期刊: RISK ANALYSIS
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