Developmental Bias and Evolution: A Regulatory Network Perspective
Developmental Bias and Evolution: A Regulatory Network Perspective
复制标题
发展偏差与进化：监管网络视角
作者：
T. Uller;A. Moczek;R. Watson;P. Brakefield;K. Laland
进化生物学中反复出现的主题是对比自然选择和发育限制——两种力量相互对立，作为对有机体形式的相互竞争的解释。尽管很受欢迎，但这种并置具有严重的误导性……表型变异是由发育过程产生的，某些变异比其他变异更容易出现——这种现象称为“发育偏差”。发展偏见和自然选择经常被描述为替代解释，但这是一种错误的二分法：发展偏见可以通过自然选择进化，而偏见和选择共同影响表型进化。在这里，我们简要回顾了发展偏见的证据，并说明了如何对其进行实证研究。我们描述了最新的调控网络理论，该理论解释了为什么遗传和环境扰动对表型的影响通常不均匀，甚至可能偏向适应性表型变异。我们展示了发育过程产生的偏差如何构成一种进化属性，能够对适应性进化施加方向并影响分类和表型多样性的模式。综合考虑这些因素，我们认为仅仅将发展偏见纳入进化理论作为对进化适应的约束是不够的。自然选择对形成发展偏见的影响，以及相反，发展偏见对形成随后的适应机会的影响，需要扩展发展的机械模型并将其纳入进化理论。因此，表型进化的调控网络视角有助于将表型变异的产生与自然选择结合起来，使进化生物学更好地解释生物体如何适应和多样化。
A recurrent theme in evolutionary biology is to contrast natural selection and developmental constraint – two forces pitted against each other as competing explanations for organismal form. Despite its popularity, this juxtaposition is deeply misleading.... Phenotypic variation is generated by the processes of development, with some variants arising more readily than others—a phenomenon known as “developmental bias.” Developmental bias and natural selection have often been portrayed as alternative explanations, but this is a false dichotomy: developmental bias can evolve through natural selection, and bias and selection jointly influence phenotypic evolution. Here, we briefly review the evidence for developmental bias and illustrate how it is studied empirically. We describe recent theory on regulatory networks that explains why the influence of genetic and environmental perturbation on phenotypes is typically not uniform, and may even be biased toward adaptive phenotypic variation. We show how bias produced by developmental processes constitutes an evolving property able to impose direction on adaptive evolution and influence patterns of taxonomic and phenotypic diversity. Taking these considerations together, we argue that it is not sufficient to accommodate developmental bias into evolutionary theory merely as a constraint on evolutionary adaptation. The influence of natural selection in shaping developmental bias, and conversely, the influence of developmental bias in shaping subsequent opportunities for adaptation, requires mechanistic models of development to be expanded and incorporated into evolutionary theory. A regulatory network perspective on phenotypic evolution thus helps to integrate the generation of phenotypic variation with natural selection, leaving evolutionary biology better placed to explain how organisms adapt and diversify.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.10.5162
发表时间：
1997-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
G. Panganiban;Steven M. Irvine;C. Lowe;H. Roehl;L. S. Corley;B. Sherbon;J. Grenier;J. Fallon;J. Kimble;M. Walker;G. Wray;B. Swalla;M. Martindale;S. Carroll
通讯作者：
G. Panganiban;Steven M. Irvine;C. Lowe;H. Roehl;L. S. Corley;B. Sherbon;J. Grenier;J. Fallon;J. Kimble;M. Walker;G. Wray;B. Swalla;M. Martindale;S. Carroll
影响因子：
2
作者：
ANDERSON, RW
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, RW
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Wessinger, Carolyn A.;Hileman, Lena C.
通讯作者：
Hileman, Lena C.
DOI：
10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-121415-032409
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Annual review of ecology, evolution, and systematics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Melo D;Porto A;Cheverud JM;Marroig G
通讯作者：
Marroig G
小鼠长骨长度变异的发育和遗传起源。
DOI：
10.1002/jez.b.21388
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sanger,ThomasJ;Norgard,ElizabethA;Pletscher,LSusan;Bevilacqua,Michael;Brooks,VictoriaR;Sandell,LindaJ;Cheverud,JamesM
通讯作者：
Cheverud,JamesM