Persistent Plasmodium falciparum infections enhance transmission-reducing immunity development.
Persistent Plasmodium falciparum infections enhance transmission-reducing immunity development.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-00973-5
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Amoah LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayanful-Torgby R;Sarpong E;Abagna HB;Donu D;Obboh E;Mensah BA;Adjah J;Williamson KC;Amoah LE
亚临床感染作为驱动传播的水库群体仍然是疟疾控制的障碍。需要一个地理区域的感染动态数据，以便战略性地设计和实施疟疾干预措施。在纵向队列中，我们监测了恶性疟原虫感染的患病率和持久性，以及对配子体和无性抗原的抗寄生虫免疫，为期10周。在100名参与者中，只有11人从未感染，而16人通过逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测到持续感染，并且一名参与者在所有访问中都有显微镜寄生虫。超过70%的参与者感染三次或三次以上，亚显微镜配子细胞患病率高，≥48%的寄生虫携带者。对重组pfs48 / 456 c、Pfs230proC和EBA175RIII-V抗原的自然诱导应答与感染状态或配子细胞携带无关，但抗原特异性IgG滴度与寄生虫和配子细胞密度呈负相关，与部分免疫一致。配子体多样性的纵向分析表明，在整个研究期间至少有四个不同的克隆循环。具有不同配子体克隆的儿童感染的高流行率，加上个体水平上感染状态的显著差异，表明正在进行传播，应成为疟疾控制规划的目标。
Subclinical infections that serve as reservoir populations to drive transmission remain a hurdle to malaria control. Data on infection dynamics in a geographical area is required to strategically design and implement malaria interventions. In a longitudinal cohort, we monitored Plasmodium falciparum infection prevalence and persistence, and anti-parasite immunity to gametocyte and asexual antigens for 10 weeks. Of the 100 participants, only 11 were never infected, whilst 16 had persistent infections detected by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and one participant had microscopic parasites at all visits. Over 70% of the participants were infected three or more times, and submicroscopic gametocyte prevalence was high, ≥ 48% of the parasite carriers. Naturally induced responses against recombinant Pfs48/45.6C, Pfs230proC, and EBA175RIII–V antigens were not associated with either infection status or gametocyte carriage, but the antigen-specific IgG titers inversely correlated with parasite and gametocyte densities consistent with partial immunity. Longitudinal analysis of gametocyte diversity indicated at least four distinct clones circulated throughout the study period. The high prevalence of children infected with distinct gametocyte clones coupled with marked variation in infection status at the individual level suggests ongoing transmission and should be targeted in malaria control programs.
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