Soft skills, hard skills: What matters most? Evidence from job postings

Soft skills, hard skills: What matters most? Evidence from job postings
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软技能、硬技能:什么最重要?

DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117307
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发表时间:
2021-10
期刊:
影响因子:
11.2
通讯作者:
Liu Jin
Liu Jin
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lyu Wenjing;Liu Jin

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使用2010年至2019年在线招聘信息的专有数据库,我们发现美国能源行业的职位空缺越来越需要高水平的“软”技能(如社交,认知,人员管理,项目管理和客户服务技能),在过去十年中显示出“技能提升”模式。我们进一步研究了美国能源行业四个主要职业之间和内部的技能要求,并发现了很大的差异。另一方面,在能源领域,虽然认知技能和社交技能是最需要的技能,但它们对企业的生产率没有积极的贡献。虽然对“硬”技能(如产品和营销、工程和一般计算机技能)的要求相对平稳,但“硬”技能实际上在能源部门最重要,特别是产品和营销以及一般计算机技能是两种最有价值的技能,对能源公司的贡献最大。我们的研究结果表明,能源公司应该更加重视人力资源管理中的“硬”技能,而不是在招聘中的“软”技能的增加趋势。
Using a proprietary database of online job postings from 2010 to 2019, we find that job vacancies in the U.S. energy sector increasingly require high levels of “soft” skills (such as social, cognitive, people management, project management, and customer service skill), showing an “upskilling” pattern in the past decade. We further examine skill requirements across and within four major professional occupations in the U.S. energy sector and find substantial variations. Meanwhile, in the energy sector, although cognitive and social skills are the most frequently required skills, they do not positively contribute to firm productivity. Although the requirement for “hard” skills (such as products and marketing, engineering, and general computer skill) stays relatively flat, “hard” skills actually matter most in the energy sector, especially products and marketing and general computer skills are two most valuable skills, contributing the highest to energy firms. Our results indicate that energy firms should pay more attention to “hard” skills in human resource management, while not following the increasing trend of “soft” skills in hiring.
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