Hidden layers of human small RNAs.

Hidden layers of human small RNAs.
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DOI:
10.1186/1471-2164-9-157
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发表时间:
2008-04-10
期刊:
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Hayashizaki Y
Hayashizaki Y
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kawaji H;Nakamura M;Takahashi Y;Sandelin A;Katayama S;Fukuda S;Daub CO;Kai C;Kawai J;Yasuda J;Carninci P;Hayashizaki Y

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基于RNA沉默的发现和我们对这些现象的理解的快速进展,小RNA吸引了越来越多的兴趣。尽管最近的研究表明,在高等生物中可能存在尚未发现的小RNA类型,但许多分析小RNA的研究都集中在miRNA和/或siRNA上,而不是探索其他类型的RNA。在这里,我们通过对大小为19 - 40nt的rna进行无偏测序来探索人类小rna。我们为独立的小rna类别的存在提供了大量证据。我们的数据显示,特征良好的非编码RNA,如tRNA、snoRNA和snRNA,在ncRNA类的特定位点被切割。特别是,tRNA的切割受tRNA类型和组织表达的调节。我们还发现,被定位到基因组区域的小rna通过双向启动子在两个方向上转录,这表明小rna是dsRNA形成及其随后切割的产物。它们与核糖体rna (RNAs)的部分相似性表明核糖体DNA或间质rRNA的功能尚未揭示。进一步检查发现了6个新的mirna。我们的结果强调了小RNA世界的复杂性和小RNA的生物发生。
Small RNA attracts increasing interest based on the discovery of RNA silencing and the rapid progress of our understanding of these phenomena. Although recent studies suggest the possible existence of yet undiscovered types of small RNAs in higher organisms, many studies to profile small RNA have focused on miRNA and/or siRNA rather than on the exploration of additional classes of RNAs. Here, we explored human small RNAs by unbiased sequencing of RNAs with sizes of 19–40 nt. We provide substantial evidences for the existence of independent classes of small RNAs. Our data shows that well-characterized non-coding RNA, such as tRNA, snoRNA, and snRNA are cleaved at sites specific to the class of ncRNA. In particular, tRNA cleavage is regulated depending on tRNA type and tissue expression. We also found small RNAs mapped to genomic regions that are transcribed in both directions by bidirectional promoters, indicating that the small RNAs are a product of dsRNA formation and their subsequent cleavage. Their partial similarity with ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) suggests unrevealed functions of ribosomal DNA or interstitial rRNA. Further examination revealed six novel miRNAs. Our results underscore the complexity of the small RNA world and the biogenesis of small RNAs.
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