Bacterial expansins and related proteins from the world of microbes.
Bacterial expansins and related proteins from the world of microbes.
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来自微生物世界的细菌膨胀蛋白和相关蛋白质。
DOI：
10.1007/s00253-015-6534-0
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Cosgrove, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Georgelis, Nikolaos;Nikolaidis, Nikolas;Cosgrove, Daniel J.
微生物扩展蛋白的发现源于对植物细胞生长机制和植物细胞壁延伸性分子基础的研究。扩展蛋白是植物界普遍存在的壁松解蛋白，也在一小部分系统发育上不同的细菌、真菌和其他生物体中发现，其中大多数定殖在植物表面。它们在没有可检测到的裂解活性的情况下松开植物细胞壁。细菌扩张蛋白最近因其在用于生物燃料生产的纤维素生物质转化中的潜在用途而引起了相当大的关注，作为一种通过非裂解方式（“无定形发生”）分解纤维素结构的手段。进化分析表明微生物扩展蛋白起源于植物的多个水平基因转移。来自枯草芽孢杆菌的扩展蛋白 BsEXLX1 的晶体分析表明，微生物扩展蛋白由两个紧密堆积的结构域组成：N 端结构域 D1 具有与糖基水解酶家族 45 类似的双 ψ β-桶折叠，但缺乏通常水解所需的催化残基； C 端结构域 D2 具有独特的 β 夹心折叠，具有三个共线芳香残基，通过疏水相互作用结合 β-1,4-葡聚糖。芽孢杆菌和棒杆菌中扩展蛋白的基因缺失会削弱它们在植物组织中定殖的能力。我们评估了添加扩展蛋白可增强纤维素酶对纤维素的分解的报道，并将扩展蛋白与称为肿胀蛋白、角铂蛋白和松散蛋白的远亲蛋白进行比较。我们以关于微生物扩展蛋白的生物学作用及其潜在应用的推测方式结束。对这些蛋白质如何改变纤维素结构的更深入了解将有助于该领域的进步。
The discovery of microbial expansins emerged from studies of the mechanism of plant cell growth and the molecular basis of plant cell wall extensibility. Expansins are wall-loosening proteins that are universal in the plant kingdom and are also found in a small set of phylogenetically diverse bacteria, fungi, and other organisms, most of which colonize plant surfaces. They loosen plant cell walls without detectable lytic activity. Bacterial expansins have attracted considerable attention recently for their potential use in cellulosic biomass conversion for biofuel production, as a means to disaggregate cellulosic structures by non-lytic means (‘amorphogenesis’). Evolutionary analysis indicates that microbial expansins originated by multiple horizontal gene transfers from plants. Crystallographic analysis of BsEXLX1, the expansin from Bacillus subtilis, shows that microbial expansins consist of two tightly-packed domains: the N-terminal domain D1 has a double-ψ β-barrel fold similar to glycosyl hydrolase family-45 enzymes, but lacks catalytic residues usually required for hydrolysis; the C-terminal domain D2 has a unique β-sandwich fold with three co-linear aromatic residues that bind β-1,4-glucans by hydrophobic interactions. Genetic deletion of expansin in Bacillus and Clavibacter cripples their ability to colonize plant tissues. We assess reports that expansin addition enhances cellulose breakdown by cellulase and compare expansins with distantly related proteins named swollenin, cerato-platanin and loosenin. We end in a speculative vein about the biological roles of microbial expansins and their potential applications. Advances in this field will be aided by a deeper understanding of how these proteins modify cellulosic structures.
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影响因子：
9.5
作者：
Cosgrove DJ
通讯作者：
Cosgrove DJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Tovar-Herrera OE;Batista-García RA;Sánchez-Carbente Mdel R;Iracheta-Cárdenas MM;Arévalo-Niño K;Folch-Mallol JL
通讯作者：
Folch-Mallol JL
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1015006108
发表时间：
2011-03-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Bras, Joana L. A.;Cartmell, Alan;Gilbert, Harry J.
通讯作者：
Gilbert, Harry J.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.12.6559
发表时间：
1997-06-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cosgrove, DJ;Bedinger, P;Durachko, DM
通讯作者：
Durachko, DM
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Boddi, S;Comparini, C;Scala, A
通讯作者：
Scala, A