Updating the natural history of human papillomavirus and anogenital cancers.
Updating the natural history of human papillomavirus and anogenital cancers.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.089
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发表时间：
2012-11-20
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Palefsky J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moscicki AB;Schiffman M;Burchell A;Albero G;Giuliano AR;Goodman MT;Kjaer SK;Palefsky J
本章论述了人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的自然历史。宫颈感染是人们最了解的HPV感染。宫颈HPV持续存在是宫颈癌发展的已知必要事件。任何年龄出现的新感染都是良性的，除非它们持续存在。一些长期的自然史研究已经阐明，在HPV感染高峰期过后（例如，30岁或以上）HPV阴性或清除HPV的妇女中，宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN） 3+的风险非常低。虽然关于HPV传播的数据终于出现了，但异性伴侣之间的传播率在研究中差异很大。影响这些比率计算的因素包括a)检测点之间的间隔，b)基线上的一致性或不一致性，以及c)确定已确定感染与污染的困难。宫颈到肛门和肛门到宫颈的自体接种在同一妇女中似乎是相当常见的。这两个地点是否可以作为长期水库尚不清楚。研究表明，肛门感染在女性和男男性行为者中相当普遍，累积率高达70-90%。同样，肛门HPV的清除也很常见，除非感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），否则很少有人表现出持久性。HIV强烈影响肛门上皮内瘤变（AIN）的发展。少数关于hiv感染男性AIN自然史的研究表明，高级别AIN是侵袭性肛门癌的前兆。虽然没有女性AIN的自然史研究，但患有其他hpv相关病变（包括CIN3+和外阴癌）的女性患肛门癌的几率更高。尽管对阴茎上皮内瘤变的了解甚少，但关于男性生殖器HPV的自然史的数据也在不断涌现。男性感染HPV的累积率极高，风险与性行为有关。与女性不同，男性在所有年龄段的感染率都很稳定，这表明男性没有针对再次感染的保护措施。
This chapter addresses the natural history of anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Cervical infections are the best understood HPV infection. Cervical HPV persistence is the known necessary event for the development of cervical cancer. New infections appearing at any age are benign unless they persist. Several long-term natural history studies have now shed light on the very low risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3+ in women past the peak of HPV acquisition (e.g., 30 or older) who are HPV-negative or clear their HPV. Although data on transmission of HPV are finally emerging, rates of transmission between heterosexual couples vary widely among studies. Factors that affect the calculations of these rates include a) intervals between testing points, b) rates of concordance or discordance at baseline, and c) difficulty in defining established infections versus contamination. Both cervix to anus and anus to cervix autoinoculation in the same woman appears to be quite common. Whether either site serves as a long-term reservoir is unknown. Studies show that anal infections in women and in men who have sex with men are quite common with cumulative rates up to 70–90%. Similarly, clearance of anal HPV is also common, with few individuals showing persistence unless they are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected. HIV strongly influences the development of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). The few studies on the natural history of AIN in HIV-infected men suggest that high-grade AIN is a precursor to invasive anal cancer. Although no natural history studies of AIN are available in women, women with other HPV-associated lesions, including CIN3+ and vulvar cancer, have higher rates of anal cancer. Data on the natural history of HPV of the male genitalia are also emerging, although penile intraepithelial neoplasia is poorly understood. Cumulative rates of HPV are extremely high in men and risks are associated with sexual behavior. Unlike women, prevalence rates are steady across all ages, suggesting that men do not develop protection against reinfection.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Cecilia Rodriguez, Ana;Schiffman, Mark;Herrero, Rolando;Hildesheim, Allan;Bratti, Concepcion;Sherman, Mark E.;Solomon, Diane;Guillen, Diego;Alfaro, Mario;Morales, Jorge;Hutchinson, Martha;Cheung, Li;Wacholder, Sholom;Burk, Robert D.
通讯作者：
Burk, Robert D.
DOI：
10.1086/597755
发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
D'Souza G;Agrawal Y;Halpern J;Bodison S;Gillison ML
通讯作者：
Gillison ML
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Goldstone, Stephen;Palefsky, Joel M.;Garner, Elizabeth I. O.
通讯作者：
Garner, Elizabeth I. O.
DOI：
10.1086/651620
发表时间：
2010-05-01
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Goodman MT;Shvetsov YB;McDuffie K;Wilkens LR;Zhu X;Thompson PJ;Ning L;Killeen J;Kamemoto L;Hernandez BY
通讯作者：
Hernandez BY
DOI：
10.1111/igc.0b013e3181a388c4
发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society
影响因子：
--
作者：
Farhat S;Nakagawa M;Moscicki AB
通讯作者：
Moscicki AB