Hierarchical architecture of sponge spicules: biocatalytic and structure-directing activity of silicatein proteins as model for bioinspired applications

Hierarchical architecture of sponge spicules: biocatalytic and structure-directing activity of silicatein proteins as model for bioinspired applications
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海绵针的层次结构:硅酸盐蛋白的生物催化和结构导向活性作为生物启发应用的模型

DOI:
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
W. Müller
W. Müller
中科院分区:
计算机科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
H. Schröder;V. Grebenjuk;Xiaohong Wang;W. Müller

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自第一次描述的silicateins,一组酶,介导的硅质海绵骨架的无定形,水合生物二氧化硅的形成,已经取得了很大的进展,在理解这个生物矿化过程。这些发现包括,除了海绵生物二氧化硅形成的酶性质的证据之外,酶的双重性质,既作为结构形成蛋白又作为结构引导蛋白,以及证明silicatein的初始产物是软的,凝胶状材料必须经历成熟过程,在此过程中,它实现了其有利的物理性能,化学性质允许开发各种技术或医学应用。该工艺包括通过去除水和离子使材料硬化,将其铸造成型为特定形态,以及通过生物烧结机制使生物二氧化硅纳米颗粒融合。酶促形成的生物二氧化硅具有形态发生活性和可打印性的发现,也为生物医学用途的定制支架/植入物的快速成型和三维生物打印开辟了新的应用。
Since the first description of the silicateins, a group of enzymes that mediate the formation of the amorphous, hydrated biosilica of the skeleton of the siliceous sponges, much progress has been achieved in the understanding of this biomineralization process. These discoveries include, beside the proof of the enzymatic nature of the sponge biosilica formation, the dual property of the enzyme, to act both as a structure-forming and structure-guiding protein, and the demonstration that the initial product of silicatein is a soft, gel-like material that has to undergo a maturation process during which it achieves its favorable physical–chemical properties allowing the development of various technological or medical applications. This process comprises the hardening of the material by the removal of water and ions, its cast-molding to specific morphologies, as well as the fusion of the biosilica nanoparticles through a biosintering mechanism. The discovery that the enzymatically formed biosilica is morphogenetically active and printable also opens new applications in rapid prototyping and three-dimensional bioprinting of customized scaffolds/implants for biomedical use.
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