The problem of late ART initiation in Sub-Saharan Africa: a transient aspect of scale-up or a long-term phenomenon?

The problem of late ART initiation in Sub-Saharan Africa: a transient aspect of scale-up or a long-term phenomenon?
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DOI:
10.1353/hpu.2013.0014
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发表时间:
2013-02
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
Nash D
Nash D
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lahuerta M;Ue F;Hoffman S;Elul B;Kulkarni SG;Wu Y;Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha H;Remien RH;El Sadr W;Nash D

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扩大艾滋病毒护理和治疗的努力已成功地让大量患者开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART),尽管在资源丰富和资源有限的环境中优化扩大规模的有效性仍然存在持续的挑战。其中最重要的是在艾滋病毒疾病晚期开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的比率非常高,这反过来又增加了艾滋病毒的发病率、死亡率和进一步传播。这篇综述文章重点关注撒哈拉以南非洲地区,提出了一个概念框架,以便更广泛地讨论晚期抗逆转录病毒治疗这一持续存在的问题,包括需要更多地关注上游前兆(晚期艾滋病毒诊断和晚期加入艾滋病毒护理)及其决定因素。如果没有额外的研究和确定成功促进早期开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的多层次干预措施,那么晚期开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的问题将持续存在,从而严重损害扩大艾滋病毒护理规模对降低死亡率和控制艾滋病毒流行的长期影响。
Efforts to scale-up HIV care and treatment have been successful at initiating large numbers of patients onto antiretroviral therapy (ART), although persistent challenges remain to optimizing scale-up effectiveness in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings. Among the most important are very high rates of ART initiation in the advanced stages of HIV disease, which in turn drive morbidity, mortality, and onward transmission of HIV. With a focus on sub-Saharan Africa, this review article presents a conceptual framework for a broader discussion of the persistent problem of late ART initiation, including a need for more focus on the upstream precursors (late HIV diagnosis and late enrollment into HIV care) and their determinants. Without additional research and identification of multilevel interventions that successfully promote earlier initiation of ART, the problem of late ART initiation will persist, significantly undermining the long-term impact of HIV care scale-up on reducing mortality and controlling the HIV epidemic.
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