It's not my fault: postdictive modulation of intentional binding by monetary gains and losses.
It's not my fault: postdictive modulation of intentional binding by monetary gains and losses.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0053421
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kato M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahata K;Takahashi H;Maeda T;Umeda S;Suhara T;Mimura M;Kato M
能动感是指一个人的自愿行为引起外部事件的感觉。过去的研究表明，压缩行为和外部事件之间的主观时间间隔，称为有意约束，与代理经验密切相关。目前的理论假设，代理的经验是通过预测和事后的途径。剩下的一个问题是人类因果偏差的来源;人们经常根据奖励或惩罚的结果对自愿行为和外部事件的因果关系做出错误的判断。虽然人类的因果偏差意味着行为后信息可以改变代理感，但缺乏令人信服的实证研究结果。在这里，我们假设，代理感将被修改的情感价的行动结果。为了研究这个问题，我们研究了奖励和惩罚的结果后，自愿行动调节行为措施的机构使用意向约束范式和经典的条件反射程序。在获得阶段，听觉刺激与积极，中性或消极的货币结果配对。音调奖励协会进行了评估，使用反应时间和偏好评级。在实验环节中，参与者进行了一个变体的有意约束任务，其中参与者在玩简单的老虎机游戏时对动作和感官结果的开始时间进行判断。我们的研究结果表明，时间约束修改的情感价的行动结果。具体而言，当发生负面结果时，有意的约束会减弱，这与自私偏见一致。我们的研究不仅为事后修正提供了证据，而且提出了人类因果偏差的可能机制。
Sense of agency refers to the feeling that one’s voluntary actions caused external events. Past studies have shown that compression of the subjective temporal interval between actions and external events, called intentional binding, is closely linked to the experience of agency. Current theories postulate that the experience of agency is constructed via predictive and postdictive pathways. One remaining problem is the source of human causality bias; people often make misjudgments on the causality of voluntary actions and external events depending on their rewarding or punishing outcomes. Although human causality bias implies that sense of agency can be modified by post-action information, convincing empirical findings for this issue are lacking. Here, we hypothesized that sense of agency would be modified by affective valences of action outcomes. To examine this issue, we investigated how rewarding and punishing outcomes following voluntary action modulate behavioral measures of agency using intentional binding paradigm and classical conditioning procedures. In the acquisition phase, auditory stimuli were paired with positive, neutral or negative monetary outcomes. Tone-reward associations were evaluated using reaction times and preference ratings. In the experimental session, participants performed a variant of intentional binding task, where participants made timing judgments for onsets of actions and sensory outcomes while playing simple slot games. Our results showed that temporal binding was modified by affective valences of action outcomes. Specifically, intentional binding was attenuated when negative outcome occurred, consistent with self-serving bias. Our study not only provides evidence for postdictive modification of agency, but also proposes a possible mechanism of human causality bias.
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