Immunomodulatory Mechanism and Potential Therapies for Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage.
Immunomodulatory Mechanism and Potential Therapies for Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage.
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围产期缺氧缺血性脑损伤的免疫调节机制和潜在疗法。
DOI：
10.3389/fphar.2020.580428
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Li F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Min YJ;Ling EA;Li F
缺氧缺血（HI）是新生儿死亡和残疾的最常见原因之一。目前，围产期HI唯一可用的许可治疗是低温。然而，它本身不足以预防与HI相关的脑损伤和/或神经功能障碍。围产期HI可激活免疫系统并触发外周和中枢反应，这些反应涉及免疫细胞激活、免疫介质产生增加和活性氧释放。在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤（hypoxic-ischemic brain damage，HIBD）的Rice-Vannucci模型、局部短暂性脑缺血再灌注模型、围产期窒息模型、宫内缺氧模型等围产期HI模型中，越来越多的证据表明调节免疫应答可以有效地挽救脑损伤的结局。本文就HI的免疫调节机制及治疗方法作一综述。它突出了一些广泛报道的治疗药物有效干预HI相关脑损伤，即HIBD的重要作用，如EPO，FTY 720，米诺环素，天麻素，灯盏花素，黄芪等。在这方面，据报道，在围产期脑中突出的阿米巴样小胶质细胞代表参与HIBD的关键免疫细胞。为此，具有抑制小胶质细胞活化的性质的药物、化学试剂和草药化合物最近被广泛探索并鉴定为用于改善新生儿HIBD的潜在治疗剂或策略。
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is one of the most common causes of death and disability in neonates. Currently, the only available licensed treatment for perinatal HI is hypothermia. However, it alone is not sufficient to prevent the brain injuries and/or neurological dysfunction related to HI. Perinatal HI can activate the immune system and trigger the peripheral and central responses which involve the immune cell activation, increase in production of immune mediators and release of reactive oxygen species. There is mounting evidence indicating that regulation of immune response can effectively rescue the outcomes of brain injury in experimental perinatal HI models such as Rice-Vannucci model of newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), local transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model, perinatal asphyxia model, and intrauterine hypoxia model. This review summarizes the many studies about immunomodulatory mechanisms and therapies for HI. It highlights the important actions of some widely documented therapeutic agents for effective intervening of HI related brain damage, namely, HIBD, such as EPO, FTY720, Minocycline, Gastrodin, Breviscapine, Milkvetch etc. In this connection, it has been reported that the ameboid microglial cells featured prominently in the perinatal brain represent the key immune cells involved in HIBD. To this end, drugs, chemical agents and herbal compounds which have the properties to suppress microglia activation have recently been extensively explored and identified as potential therapeutic agents or strategies for amelioration of neonatal HIBD.
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